Filter Results:
(2,854)
Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(4,203)
- People (7)
- News (808)
- Research (2,854)
- Events (14)
- Multimedia (22)
- Faculty Publications (1,905)
Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(4,203)
- People (7)
- News (808)
- Research (2,854)
- Events (14)
- Multimedia (22)
- Faculty Publications (1,905)
Sort by
- 2025
- Working Paper
Global Harms, Local Profits: How the Uneven Costs of Natural Disasters Affect Support for Green Political Platforms
By: Silvia Pianta and Paula Rettl
Large-scale fires are becoming increasingly common due to climate change. While conventional
wisdom suggests that firsthand experiences with natural disasters foster green coalitions
by raising awareness of environmental degradation, we propose an alternative... View Details
Keywords: Climate Impact; Politics; Environmental Issues; Environmental Protection; Economic Analysis; Economic Behavior; Economic Geography; Economy; Economics; Climate Change; Environmental Management; Political Elections; Natural Disasters; Green Technology; Environmental Sustainability; Latin America; Brazil
Pianta, Silvia, and Paula Rettl. "Global Harms, Local Profits: How the Uneven Costs of Natural Disasters Affect Support for Green Political Platforms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-023, September 2023. (Revised January 2025.)
- December 2008 (Revised June 2010)
- Background Note
Political and Economic History of the People's Republic of China: An Annotated Timeline
By: Regina M. Abrami, William C. Kirby, Elisabeth Koll and F. Warren McFarlan
Brief political, economic, and social timeline of China from 1949 to present to give context on and provide overview of modern Chinese history. View Details
Abrami, Regina M., William C. Kirby, Elisabeth Koll, and F. Warren McFarlan. "Political and Economic History of the People's Republic of China: An Annotated Timeline." Harvard Business School Background Note 309-073, December 2008. (Revised June 2010.)
- September 2011
- Article
Political Instability: Effects on Financial Development, Roots in the Severity of Economic Inequality
By: Mark J. Roe and Jordan I. Siegel
We here bring forward strong evidence that political instability impedes financial development, with its variation a primary determinant of differences in financial development around the world. As such, it needs to be added to the short list of major determinants of... View Details
Keywords: Financial Development; Political Instability; Government and Politics; Finance; Growth and Development; Economics; Equality and Inequality
Roe, Mark J., and Jordan I. Siegel. "Political Instability: Effects on Financial Development, Roots in the Severity of Economic Inequality." Journal of Comparative Economics 39, no. 3 (September 2011): 279–309. (We here bring forward strong evidence that political instability impedes financial development, with its variation a primary determinant of differences in financial development around the world. As such, it needs to be added to the short list of major determinants of financial development. First, structural conditions first postulated by
Engerman and Sokoloff (2002) as generating long-term inequality are shown here empirically to be exogenous determinants of political instability. Second, that exogenously-determined political instability in turn holds back financial development, even when we control for factors prominent in the last decade's cross-country studies of
financial development. The findings indicate that inequality-perpetuating conditions that result in political instability are fundamental roadblocks for international organizations like the World Bank that seek to promote financial development. The evidence here includes country fixed effect regressions and an instrumental model inspired by Engerman and Sokoloff's (2002) work, which to our knowledge has not yet been used in finance and which is consistent with current tests as valid instruments. Four conventional measures of national political instability — Alesina and Perotti's (1996) well-known index of instability, a subsequent index derived from Banks' (2005) work,
and two indices of managerial perceptions of nation-by-nation political instability — persistently predict a wide range of national financial development outcomes for recent decades. Political instability's significance is time consistent in cross-sectional regressions back to the 1960's, the period when the key data becomes available, robust
in both country fixed-effects and instrumental variable regressions, and consistent across multiple measures of instability and of financial development. Overall, the results indicate the existence of an important channel running from structural inequality to political instability, principally in nondemocratic settings, and then to financial
backwardness. The robust significance of that channel extends existing work demonstrating the importance of political economy explanations for financial development and financial backwardness. It should help to better understand which policies will work for financial development, because political instability has causes, cures, and effects quite distinct from those of many of the key institutions most studied in the past decade as explaining financial backwardness.)
- Research Summary
Overview
My research aims to understand how prosperity is created in poor countries. My first “chapter” in this larger quest has focused on how rich-country actors have managed to be a force for change in poor-country economies. I have investigated the various attempts of... View Details
- February 1992 (Revised September 2019)
- Case
The House of Tata
By: James E. Austin and Ashish Nanda
The case traces the evolution of the Tata group, one of the largest and highly respected Indian business houses, from its 19th century founding and early growth in diverse industries, to its response to changes in government regulation in independent India, up to its... View Details
Keywords: Indian Economy; International Business; Government And Business; Government Regulation; Synergy; Conglomerates; Business Conglomerates; Developing Countries and Economies; Business and Government Relations; Business History; Steel Industry; Electronics Industry; Chemical Industry; Insurance Industry; Air Transportation Industry; India
Austin, James E., and Ashish Nanda. "The House of Tata." Harvard Business School Case 792-065, February 1992. (Revised September 2019.)
- July 2008
- Supplement
The Politics and Economics of Accounting for Goodwill at Cisco Systems (B)
By: Karthik Ramanna
Studies the role of Cisco in setting current US accounting standards for acquisitions and goodwill. Students are asked to analyze an acquisition in the context of an ongoing political debate on mergers accounting. View Details
Keywords: Goodwill Accounting; Standards; Mergers and Acquisitions; Business and Government Relations; United States
Ramanna, Karthik. "The Politics and Economics of Accounting for Goodwill at Cisco Systems (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 109-003, July 2008.
- July 2008
- Case
The Politics and Economics of Accounting for Goodwill at Cisco Systems (A)
By: Karthik Ramanna
Studies the role of Cisco in setting current U.S. accounting standards for acquisitions and goodwill. Students are asked to analyze an acquisition in the context of an ongoing political debate on mergers accounting. View Details
Keywords: Goodwill Accounting; Mergers and Acquisitions; Standards; Business and Government Relations; United States
Ramanna, Karthik. "The Politics and Economics of Accounting for Goodwill at Cisco Systems (A)." Harvard Business School Case 109-002, July 2008.
- Article
Diversification Strategies and Corporate Governance in Trading Companies: Anglo-Japanese Comparisons since the Late Nineteenth Century
By: G. Jones
Jones, G. "Diversification Strategies and Corporate Governance in Trading Companies: Anglo-Japanese Comparisons since the Late Nineteenth Century." Business and Economic History 25, no. 2 (Winter 1996): 103–118.
- February 2020 (Revised January 2022)
- Case
Getting Brexit Done
By: Alberto Cavallo
In the early hours of Friday, December 13, 2019, a triumphant Boris Johnson, the UK Prime Minister, stood in front of his supporters and declared, “We did it – we pulled it off, didn’t we? We broke the deadlock, [. . .] we smashed the roadblock. [. . .] This election... View Details
Keywords: Economic Integration; Brexit; Economics; Trade; Political Elections; Government Administration; Policy; Negotiation; Globalized Economies and Regions; Problems and Challenges; European Union; Europe
Cavallo, Alberto. "Getting Brexit Done." Harvard Business School Case 720-023, February 2020. (Revised January 2022.)
- spring 1976
- Article
Information, Politics and Economic Analysis: The Regulatory Decision Process in the Air Freight Cases
By: M. E. Porter and J. F. Sagansky
Keywords: Information; Government and Politics; Economics; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Decision Making
Porter, M. E., and J. F. Sagansky. "Information, Politics and Economic Analysis: The Regulatory Decision Process in the Air Freight Cases." Public Policy 24, no. 2 (spring 1976): 263–307.
- 1996
- Thesis
Limits on Interest Rate Rules in Macroeconomic Models Governed by Price Stickiness and Rational Expectations
By: William R. Kerr
Kerr, William R. "Limits on Interest Rate Rules in Macroeconomic Models Governed by Price Stickiness and Rational Expectations." Thesis, University of Virginia, 1996.
- 2021
- Working Paper
The Origins of CE Marking: Standards, Business, and the European Market in the 1980s–1990s
By: Grace Ballor
Many products—from consumer electronics to machinery to children’s toys—bear the CE Mark, the symbol of conformity to the ‘essential requirements’ of European standards governed by the process of CE Marking. This working paper traces the development of the system of... View Details
Keywords: Business And Government; Market Liberalization; Standards; Markets; Trade; Integration; Business History; Globalization; Business and Government Relations; Europe; European Union
Ballor, Grace. "The Origins of CE Marking: Standards, Business, and the European Market in the 1980s–1990s." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-142, June 2021.
- November 2018 (Revised April 2019)
- Technical Note
Saudi Arabia: A Brief Background
By: Kristin Fabbe, Natalie Kindred and Safwan Al-Amin
This note provides a brief overview of the history of Saudi Arabia as well as the economic and political context in 2018. The note is an essential supplement to the case “Almarai Company: Milk and Modernization in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” HBS No. 719-020, but is... View Details
Keywords: Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia; Public Policy; Economic Development; Monarchy; Islam; Gulf; GCC; Business And Government; Vision 2030; National Strategy; Economic Diversification; OPEC; Oil; Energy Policy; Strategy; Government and Politics; Policy; Diversification; Economy; Energy; History; Saudi Arabia; Middle East
Fabbe, Kristin, Natalie Kindred, and Safwan Al-Amin. "Saudi Arabia: A Brief Background." Harvard Business School Technical Note 719-043, November 2018. (Revised April 2019.)
- May 2015
- Teaching Note
The United Kingdom and the Means to Prosperity
By: Laura Alfaro, Lakshmi Iyer and Hilary White
After struggling through the country's longest recession since 2008, the U.K. was expected to grow faster than any other G7 nation in 2014. Analysts wondered whether the return to growth was because, or in spite of, Prime Minister David Cameron's controversial £113... View Details
Keywords: United Kingdom; Austerity; Fiscal Deficits; Fiscal Policy; Keynesian Multiplier; Government; Government Policy; Recessions; Depression; Inequality; Government Intervention In The Markets; Stagnation; Public Finance; Economics; Macroeconomics; Government Administration; Business and Government Relations; Economic Growth; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Public Sector; Economy; Financial Crisis; Taxation; Government and Politics; United Kingdom
- November 2019 (Revised January 2025)
- Case
Russia: A Drama In Three Acts
By: Rawi Abdelal, Rafael Di Tella, Galit Goldstein, Sogomon Tarontsi and Lavinia Teodorescu
The collapse of central authority in the Soviet Union in 1991 ushered in a period of revolutionary transformations for the states that emerged in its wake. The leaders of Russia, the USSR's successor, struggled to reestablish central authority while also seeking to... View Details
Keywords: Government Policy; Policy Change; Policy Making; Economic Systems; Economics; Globalization; Emerging Markets; Privatization; Non-Renewable Energy; Governance; Global Strategy; Corporate Governance; Policy; Business History; Lawfulness; Problems and Challenges; Business and Government Relations; Risk and Uncertainty; Strategy; Change Management; Developing Countries and Economies; Russia; Moscow
Abdelal, Rawi, Rafael Di Tella, Galit Goldstein, Sogomon Tarontsi, and Lavinia Teodorescu. "Russia: A Drama In Three Acts." Harvard Business School Case 720-020, November 2019. (Revised January 2025.)
- December 2020
- Article
Multinational Firms and the Politics of International Trade in Multidisciplinary Perspective
By: Grace A. Ballor and Aydin B. Yildirim
From the technical analyses of wide ranges of scholars to the public discourse backlashes against globalization, there is a huge volume of work historicizing, quantifying, and problematizing the complex role of multinational corporations (MNCs) in international trade.... View Details
Keywords: Multinational Corporations; International Trade; Big Business; Economic Governance; Global Value Chains; Trade Policy; Corporate Regulation; Multinational Firms and Management; Trade; Policy; Governance; Globalization
Ballor, Grace A., and Aydin B. Yildirim. "Multinational Firms and the Politics of International Trade in Multidisciplinary Perspective." Special Issue on Multinational Corporations and the Politics of International Trade. Business and Politics 22, no. 4 (December 2020): 573–586.
- Article
Market Failure and the Environmental Policies of Firms: Economic Rationales for 'Beyond Compliance' Behavior
By: F. L. Reinhardt
Reinhardt, F. L. "Market Failure and the Environmental Policies of Firms: Economic Rationales for 'Beyond Compliance' Behavior." Journal of Industrial Ecology 3, no. 1 (January 1999): 9–21.
- January 23, 2020
- Article
Sanctions and the End of Trans-Atlanticism: Iran, Russia, and the Unintended Division of the West
By: Rawi Abdelal and Aurélie Bros
Sanctions have become the dominant tool of statecraft in the United States and other Western states, especially the European Union, since the end of the Cold War. But the systematic use of this instrument may produce unintended and somewhat paradoxical geopolitical... View Details
Keywords: Geopolitics; Economic Sanctions; International Relations; United States; Russia; Iran; Europe
Abdelal, Rawi, and Aurélie Bros. "Sanctions and the End of Trans-Atlanticism: Iran, Russia, and the Unintended Division of the West." Notes de l'Ifri (January 23, 2020). (Also published as "The End of Transatlanticism? How Sanctions Are Dividing the West," Horizons, no. 16 (spring 2020), pp. 114-134.)
- 2022
- Chapter
Creating 'Smart' Policy to Promote Entrepreneurship and Innovation
By: Karen G. Mills and Annie Dang
Entrepreneurship is a key to unlocking innovation and fostering regional and national economic productivity. Extensive studies demonstrate that small and young firms contribute to innovation and employment growth. But which of the many types of small firms are... View Details
Keywords: Economic Policy; High-growth; Entrepreneurship; Innovation and Invention; Business Startups; Economic Growth; Policy; United States
Mills, Karen G., and Annie Dang. "Creating 'Smart' Policy to Promote Entrepreneurship and Innovation." In The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth, edited by Michael J. Andrews, Aaron Chatterji, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2022.
- March 2020 (Revised September 2020)
- Case
Opportunity Insights: Research and Policy for Social Mobility
By: Scott Duke Kominers, Jeffrey Huizinga and Allison Ciechanover
Opportunity Insights -- a non-profit that researches drivers of economic opportunity and develops policy solutions to help families achieve better life outcomes -- seeks to expand its impact. View Details
Keywords: Economic Opportunity; Social Mobility; Nonprofit Organizations; Social Issues; Housing; Policy; Opportunities
Kominers, Scott Duke, Jeffrey Huizinga, and Allison Ciechanover. "Opportunity Insights: Research and Policy for Social Mobility." Harvard Business School Case 820-714, March 2020. (Revised September 2020.)