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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(836)
- News (146)
- Research (545)
- Events (13)
- Multimedia (3)
- Faculty Publications (280)
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- 2019
- Working Paper
The Consequences of Invention Secrecy: Evidence from the USPTO Patent Secrecy Program in World War II
By: Daniel P. Gross
This paper studies the effects of the USPTO's patent secrecy program in World War II, under which over 11,000 U.S. patent applications were issued secrecy orders that halted examination and prohibited inventors from disclosing their inventions or filing in foreign... View Details
Keywords: Invention Secrecy; Invention Disclosure; Trade Secrecy; Secrecy Orders; Cummulative Innovation; Wold War 2; Patents; National Security; History; Innovation and Invention; Outcome or Result; Intellectual Property; Policy; Commercialization; United States
Gross, Daniel P. "The Consequences of Invention Secrecy: Evidence from the USPTO Patent Secrecy Program in World War II." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-090, May 2019. (Revised May 2019. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 25545, May 2019)
- May 2016
- Case
OPET: Precision Marketing in Uncertain Times
By: Rajiv Lal, Esel Çekin and Eren Kuzucu
During Timucin Guler’s decade at OPET, a prominent fuel distributor in Turkey, he transformed the definition of marketing in the company. Under Guler’s lead, OPET, once a local player in the downstream distribution market, became the second largest fuel distributor in... View Details
Keywords: Customer Satisfaction; Customer Service; Emerging Market; Focusing On Customers; Competition; Turkey; Loyalty Program; Marketing Strategy; Downstream Distribution; Customer Relationship Management; Energy Industry; Turkey
Lal, Rajiv, Esel Çekin, and Eren Kuzucu. "OPET: Precision Marketing in Uncertain Times." Harvard Business School Case 516-087, May 2016.
- Article
Applying Random Coefficient Models to Strategy Research: Identifying and Exploring Firm Heterogeneous Effects
By: Juan Alcácer, Wilbur Chung, Ashton Hawk and Gonçalo Pacheco-de-Almeida
Strategy aims at understanding the differential effects of firms’ actions on performance. However, standard regression models estimate only the average effects of these actions across firms. Our paper discusses how random coefficient models (RCMs) may generate new... View Details
Alcácer, Juan, Wilbur Chung, Ashton Hawk, and Gonçalo Pacheco-de-Almeida. "Applying Random Coefficient Models to Strategy Research: Identifying and Exploring Firm Heterogeneous Effects." Strategy Science 3, no. 3 (September 2018): 481–553.
- May 1990 (Revised September 1994)
- Background Note
Note on Financial Reporting Strategy and Analysis When Managers Have Proprietary Information
Provides a framework that helps explain these real-world observations about accounting and financial statement analysis. When managers have superior information on firms' strategies, and when investors suspect that managers have incentives not to fully disclose this... View Details
Palepu, Krishna G. "Note on Financial Reporting Strategy and Analysis When Managers Have Proprietary Information." Harvard Business School Background Note 190-188, May 1990. (Revised September 1994.)
- January 2007 (Revised October 2007)
- Case
The Omidyar-Tufts Microfinance Fund: Striving to Reshape the Social Enterprise Capital Markets
By: Michael Chu and Jean Hazell
Seeking to impact global poverty and philanthropy, eBay founder Pierre Omidyar donates $100 million to Tufts University for a trust restricted to investment in microfinance. Explores the origins of the initiative, the perspectives and objectives of the various parties... View Details
Keywords: Capital Markets; Microfinance; Investment Funds; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Emerging Markets; Social Enterprise; Financial Services Industry
Chu, Michael, and Jean Hazell. "The Omidyar-Tufts Microfinance Fund: Striving to Reshape the Social Enterprise Capital Markets." Harvard Business School Case 307-078, January 2007. (Revised October 2007.)
- 2004
- Article
Sources of Structural Inequality in Managerial Labor Markets
By: Rakesh Khurana and Mikolaj Jan Piskorski
This article proposes two mechanisms that allow actors to obtain unearned advantages in labor markets. The first mechanism is consistent with collusive closure arguments. However, it questions the assumption that those who seek to benefit from collusive closure will... View Details
Khurana, Rakesh, and Mikolaj Jan Piskorski. "Sources of Structural Inequality in Managerial Labor Markets." Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 21 (2004): 169–187.
- 2025
- Working Paper
How Do Nonprofits Use Cash Windfalls? Evidence from $5B in Unrestricted Donations
By: Jennifer Walsh
How do nonprofits use unrestricted gifts? Donations to 501(c)(3)'s are increasingly given unrestricted due to concerns that restrictions on use unduly constrain nonprofits. I study the effect of such funding on recipients using a $5B sample of MacKenzie Scott's gifts... View Details
Keywords: Nonprofit Organizations; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Budgets and Budgeting; Compensation and Benefits
Walsh, Jennifer. "How Do Nonprofits Use Cash Windfalls? Evidence from $5B in Unrestricted Donations." SSRN Working Paper Series, March 2025.
- 1980
- Working Paper
Components of Manufacturing Inventories: A Structural Model of the Production Process
By: Alan J. Auerbach and Jerry R. Green
This paper presents a structural model of production and inventory accumulation based on the hypothesis of cost minimization. It differs from previous attempts in several respects. First, it integrates the analysis of input inventories with output inventories, treating... View Details
Auerbach, Alan J., and Jerry R. Green. "Components of Manufacturing Inventories: A Structural Model of the Production Process." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 491, June 1980.
- 2016
- Working Paper
The Attenuating Effect of Banking Relationships on Credit Market Disruption
By: Stefan Dimitriadis and Mike Horia Teodorescu
This article examines how the relationship between banks and corporations moderates the effect of credit market disruptions. The 2008-09 financial crisis led to a dramatic restriction in the supply of credit to corporations via the syndicated loan market... View Details
- July 2005
- Article
The Consequences of Labor Market Flexibility: Panel Evidence Based on Survey Data
By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
We introduce a new data set on hiring and firing restrictions for 21 OECD countries for the period 1984 –1990. The data are based on surveys of business people in the countries covered, so the indices we use are subjective in nature. Controlling for country and time... View Details
Keywords: Job Security Provisions; Subjective Data; Unemployment; Employment; Labor; Markets; Data and Data Sets
Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "The Consequences of Labor Market Flexibility: Panel Evidence Based on Survey Data." European Economic Review 49, no. 5 (July 2005): 1225–59.
- 2020
- Discussion Paper
Acting Now While Preparing for Tomorrow: Competitiveness Upgrading Under the Shadow of COVID-19
By: Christian H.M. Ketels and Peter Clinch
This paper aims to provide policy makers, especially those focused on the longer-term growth potential
of their countries, with an initial framework to think about their action priorities in the context of the
overall COVID-19 response. Our focus is on the... View Details
Keywords: Competitiveness; COVID-19 Pandemic; Competition; Government Administration; Health Pandemics; Economy; Supply Chain; Safety
Ketels, Christian H.M., and Peter Clinch. "Acting Now While Preparing for Tomorrow: Competitiveness Upgrading Under the Shadow of COVID-19." Discussion Paper, Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness, Boston, MA, US, 2020.
- December 2022 (Revised February 2023)
- Case
Daniel Defense: Responding to the Shooting at the Robb Elementary School in Uvalde, TX
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
At 11:33am on May 24, 2022, an 18-year-old man from Uvalde, Texas walked into the Robb Elementary School carrying a semi-automatic "AR-15-style” rifle manufactured by Daniel Defense and killed 19 children and two adults. Three days later, Representative Carolyn Maloney... View Details
Keywords: Gun Violence; Gun Policy; Second Amendment; Legal Liability; Government Legislation; Marketing Strategy; Business or Company Management; Product Marketing; Ethics; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Moral Sensibility; Crime and Corruption; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Manufacturing Industry; Advertising Industry; United States
Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "Daniel Defense: Responding to the Shooting at the Robb Elementary School in Uvalde, TX." Harvard Business School Case 323-058, December 2022. (Revised February 2023.)
- November 2021
- Article
The Comprehensive Effects of Sales Force Management: A Dynamic Structural Analysis of Selection, Compensation, and Training
By: Doug J. Chung, Byungyeon Kim and Byoung G. Park
This study provides a comprehensive model of an agent’s behavior in response to multiple sales management instruments, including compensation, recruiting/termination, and training. The model on agents’ behavior takes into account many of the key elements that... View Details
Keywords: Salesforce Management; Recruitment; Selection and Staffing; Compensation and Benefits; Resignation and Termination; Training; Behavior; Analysis
Chung, Doug J., Byungyeon Kim, and Byoung G. Park. "The Comprehensive Effects of Sales Force Management: A Dynamic Structural Analysis of Selection, Compensation, and Training." Management Science 67, no. 11 (November 2021): 7046–7074.
- Article
Three Principles to REVISE People's Unethical Behavior
By: Shahar Ayal, Francesca Gino, Rachel Barkan and Dan Ariely
Dishonesty and unethical behavior are widespread in the public and private sectors and cause immense annual losses. For instance, estimates of U.S. annual losses indicate $1 trillion paid in bribes, $270 billion lost due to unreported income, as well as $42 billion... View Details
Ayal, Shahar, Francesca Gino, Rachel Barkan, and Dan Ariely. "Three Principles to REVISE People's Unethical Behavior." Perspectives on Psychological Science 10, no. 6 (November 2015): 738–741.
- March 2009
- Case
Incept LLC and Confluent Surgical (A)
By: Bhaskar Chakravorti, Toby E. Stuart and James Weber
A venture capitalist must decide whether to invest in a medical technology company that licenses intellectual property from a privately held IP holding company based on a platform technology. Entrepreneurs Amar Sawhney and Fred Khosravi founded Incept LLC to... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Entrepreneurship; Intellectual Property; Rights; Agreements and Arrangements; Partners and Partnerships; Trust; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Chakravorti, Bhaskar, Toby E. Stuart, and James Weber. "Incept LLC and Confluent Surgical (A)." Harvard Business School Case 809-062, March 2009.
- December 2007
- Article
Learning to Live with Governments: Unilever in India and Turkey, 1950-1980
By: G. Jones
A noteworthy characteristic of the contemporary global economy is the uneven distribution of world foreign direct investment (FDI). In 2007 three-quarters of world FDI was located in developed countries. The residual was concentrated in a small number of emerging... View Details
Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Ethics; Foreign Direct Investment; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Business and Community Relations; Business and Government Relations; Consumer Products Industry; India; Turkey
Jones, G. "Learning to Live with Governments: Unilever in India and Turkey, 1950-1980." Entreprises et histoire 49 (December 2007).
- March 1998 (Revised June 1998)
- Case
Coming to Grips with Deregulation: Bay State Gas
In 1995, CEO Roger Young made a surprising decision to bring in Joel Singer, an outsider with an MBA, to lead Bay State through the upcoming turmoil of deregulation. Singer was convinced that in this situation where the boundaries of the industry were being defined,... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Corporate Strategy; Emerging Markets; Energy Industry; Massachusetts
Dyck, Alexander, and Indra Reinbergs. "Coming to Grips with Deregulation: Bay State Gas." Harvard Business School Case 798-058, March 1998. (Revised June 1998.)
- November 1994 (Revised September 1996)
- Case
RiceSelect
By: Alvin J. Silk and Mary Shelman
In August 1994, Robin Andrews, President of RiceTec, Inc., faces a critical decision that will affect his firm's future: what policy should RiceTec follow for supplying grocery retailers with private label merchandise? RiceTec, a small privately owned firm engaged in... View Details
Keywords: Cash Flow; Leadership; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Supply Chain Management; Private Ownership; Research and Development; Conflict Management; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Retail Industry
Silk, Alvin J., and Mary Shelman. "RiceSelect." Harvard Business School Case 595-033, November 1994. (Revised September 1996.)
- April 1998 (Revised May 2001)
- Supplement
Acquisition of Consolidated Rail Corporation (B), The
By: Benjamin C. Esty, Lori A. Flees and Mathew M Millett
Eight days after CSX announced it was going to buy Consolidated Rail (Conrail) for $88.65 per share, Norfolk Southern made a hostile $100 per share bid for Conrail. Over the next several months, the potential acquirers upped their bids while exchanging criticism in the... View Details
Keywords: Law; Valuation; Rail Transportation; Bids and Bidding; Governance Controls; Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Strategy; Corporate Finance; Rail Industry; United States
Esty, Benjamin C., Lori A. Flees, and Mathew M Millett. "Acquisition of Consolidated Rail Corporation (B), The." Harvard Business School Supplement 298-095, April 1998. (Revised May 2001.)
- December 2015
- Article
On Wealth and the Diversity of Friendships: High Social Class People around the World Have Fewer International Friends
By: Maurice H. Yearwood, Amy Cuddy, Nishtha Lambaa, Wu Youyoua, Ilmo van der Lowe, Paul K. Piff, Charles Gronin, Pete Fleming, Emiliana Simon-Thomas, Dacher Keltner and Aleksandr Spectre
Having international social ties carries many potential advantages, including access to novel ideas and greater commercial opportunities. Yet little is known about who forms more international friendships. Here, we propose social class plays a key role in determining... View Details
Yearwood, Maurice H., Amy Cuddy, Nishtha Lambaa, Wu Youyoua, Ilmo van der Lowe, Paul K. Piff, Charles Gronin, Pete Fleming, Emiliana Simon-Thomas, Dacher Keltner, and Aleksandr Spectre. "On Wealth and the Diversity of Friendships: High Social Class People around the World Have Fewer International Friends." Personality and Individual Differences 87 (December 2015): 224–229.