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  • August 1988
  • Article

Credibility, Real Interest Rates, and the Optimal Speed of Trade Liberalization

By: K. A. Froot
Keywords: International Trade; Trade Policy; Trade; Policy; Interest Rates
Related
  • 2014
  • Working Paper

Poverty and Crime: Evidence from Rainfall and Trade Shocks in India

By: Lakshmi Iyer and Petia Topalova
Does poverty lead to crime? We shed light on this question using two independent and exogenous shocks to household income in rural India: the dramatic reduction in import tariffs in the early 1990s and rainfall variations. We find that trade shocks, previously shown to... View Details
Keywords: Rainfall; Weather; Crime; Trade Liberalization; India; Crime and Corruption; Poverty; India
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  • 02 Apr 2009
  • Working Paper Summaries

The Flattening Firm and Product Market Competition: The Effect of Trade Liberalization

Keywords: by Maria Guadalupe & Julie M. Wulf
  • 2008
  • Working Paper

The Flattening Firm and Product Market Competition: The Effect of Trade Liberalization

By: Maria Guadalupe and Julie Wulf
This paper establishes a causal effect of competition from trade liberalization on various characteristics of organizational design. We exploit a unique panel dataset on firm hierarchies (1986-1999) of large U.S. firms and find that increasing competition leads firms... View Details
Keywords: Trade; Managerial Roles; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy
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  • 1994
  • Comment

Economic Crises: Necessary for Trade Liberalization and Fiscal Reform?

By: K. A. Froot
Keywords: Business Cycles; Financial Crisis; Trade; Government and Politics; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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  • 2021
  • Working Paper

Trade and the Single Car Market: The EC-Japan Elements of Consensus, 1985–1999

By: Grace Ballor
In 1991, in the midst of the program to create a liberal Single European Market and in the context of a new Joint Declaration for cooperation with Japan, the European Commission brokered a private deal to restrict Japanese imports into the European Community for nearly... View Details
Keywords: Market; Protectionism; Liberalization; Trade; Markets; International Relations; Auto Industry; Europe; European Union; Japan
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  • September 2002
  • Case

World Trade Organization, The

By: David A. Moss and Nick Bartlett
Explores the origins and workings of the World Trade Organization (WTO), focusing particular attention on the special challenges of trade liberalization at the dawn of the 21st century. View Details
Keywords: Trade; Business History; Problems and Challenges
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  • 2009
  • Other Unpublished Work

The Flattening Firm and Product Market Competition: The Effect of Trade Liberalization on Corporate Hierarchies

By: Maria Guadalupe and Julie Wulf
This paper establishes a causal effect of product market competition on various characteristics of organizational design. Using a unique panel-dataset on firm hierarchies of large U.S. firms (1986-1999) and a quasi-natural experiment (trade liberalization), we find... View Details
Keywords: Trade; Managerial Roles; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy
Related
  • October 2010
  • Journal Article

The Flattening Firm and Product Market Competition: The Effect of Trade Liberalization on Corporate Hierarchies

By: Maria Guadalupe and Julie Wulf
This paper establishes a causal effect of product market competition on various characteristics of organizational design. Using a unique panel-dataset on firm hierarchies of large U.S. firms (1986-1999) and a quasi-natural experiment (trade liberalization), we find... View Details
Keywords: Business Ventures; Product; Markets; Competition; Organizational Design; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Rank and Position; Organizational Structure; Decision Choices and Conditions; Change; Trade; United States
Related
  • October 1991
  • Case

Marketing Beef in Liberalized Japan

By: Ray A. Goldberg
Keywords: Food; Product Marketing; Trade; Food and Beverage Industry; Japan
Related
  • 14 Feb 2023
  • HBS Case

Is Sweden Still 'Sweden'? A Liberal Utopia Grapples with an Identity Crisis

country is shifting away from the liberal Social Democratic Party that has been the benchmark of its system. Fewer young Swedes are joining unions, and American-style private schools and medical care have taken root. “Americans, myself... View Details
Keywords: by Lane Lambert
  • 1986
  • Other Unpublished Work

Capital Flight, Policy Credibility, and the Option Value of Foreign Exchange

By: K. A. Froot and S. van Wijnbergen
Keywords: Trade Policy; Capital Controls; Liberalization; Currency; International Finance; Capital
Related
  • 2021
  • Working Paper

The Origins of CE Marking: Standards, Business, and the European Market in the 1980s–1990s

By: Grace Ballor
Many products—from consumer electronics to machinery to children’s toys—bear the CE Mark, the symbol of conformity to the ‘essential requirements’ of European standards governed by the process of CE Marking. This working paper traces the development of the system of... View Details
Keywords: Business And Government; Market Liberalization; Standards; Markets; Trade; Integration; Business History; Globalization; Business and Government Relations; Europe; European Union
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  • Research Summary

Capital Flows and Capital Goods (joint with Eliza Hammel)

By: Laura Alfaro
We examine one of the channels through which financial integration can help promote growth. In particular, we study the effects of capital account liberalization on the imports of capital goods. We pay particular attention to the effects of equity market... View Details
  • September 1998
  • Case

Cooperating to Compete: EGS of Turkey

By: Pankaj Ghemawat and C. Fritz Foley
In the early 1980s, Turkey adopted policies that liberalized trade as a part of a structural adjustment program. Within the garment industry, small- and medium-scale enterprises were not well positioned to take advantage of the new opportunities to compete in... View Details
Keywords: Trade; Corporate Governance; Policy; Partners and Partnerships; Competitive Strategy; Diversification; Turkey
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  • 13 Mar 2014
  • HBS Seminar

David Moss, Harvard Business School

  • March 24, 2015
  • Article

Starbucks' 'Race Together' Campaign and the Upside of CEO Activism

By: Aaron Chatterji and Michael W. Toffel
When Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz asked his baristas to engage customers in a discussion about race in America, it was a clear case of the growing trend of "CEO activism." Despite the criticism of that particular initiative, CEO activism—from Shultz to Chick-Fil-A's... View Details
Keywords: Leadership; Social Issues; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Communication Strategy; Race
Related
  • 25 Nov 2008
  • First Look

First Look: November 25, 2008

http://papers.nber.org/papers/w14483 The Flattening Firm and Product Market Competition: The Effect of Trade Liberalization Authors: Maria Guadalupe and Julie M. Wulf Abstract This paper establishes a causal... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
  • 08 Dec 2016
  • HBS Seminar

Joel Waldfogel, University of Minnesota, Carlson School of Management

  • 20 Oct 2016
  • HBS Seminar

Quinn Slobodian, Wellesley College