Publications

Educators

Article

Visual Attention to Powerful Postures: People Avert Their Gaze from Nonverbal Dominance Displays

By: Elise Holland, Elizabeth Baily Wolf, Christine Looser and Amy Cuddy

This paper investigates whether humans avert their gaze from individuals engaging in nonverbal displays of dominance. Although past studies demonstrate that both humans and nonhuman primates direct more visual attention to high-status others than low-status others,... View Details

Keywords: Nonverbal Behavior; Eye-tracking; Dominance; Nonverbal Communication; Interpersonal Communication; Power and Influence

July 2015
Article

Preparatory Power Posing Affects Nonverbal Presence and Job Interview Outcomes

By: Amy J.C. Cuddy, Caroline A. Wilmuth, Andy J. Yap and Dana R. Carney

We tested whether engaging in expansive (vs. contractive) "power poses" before a stressful job interview—preparatory power posing—would enhance performance during the interview. Participants adopted high-power (i.e., expansive, open) poses or low-power (i.e.,... View Details

Keywords: Power Posing; Social Evaluation; Nonverbal Behavior; Presence; Posture; Behavior; Job Interviews

September 2007
Case

Nonverbal Communication: Distinguishing Truth and Lies

By: Michael A. Wheeler

This video-based coursework illuminates the importance--and difficulty--of judging whether people are trustworthy. Students can test their skills at assessing whether contestants in a high-stakes game show will cooperate or defect. View Details

Keywords: Nonverbal Communication; Competency and Skills; Moral Sensibility; Emotions; Trust

Educators

September 2007
Teaching Note

Nonverbal Communication: Distinguishing Truth and Lies (TN)

By: Michael A. Wheeler

Keywords: Trust; Interpersonal Communication; Nonverbal Communication

May 2015
Article

Review and Summary of Research on the Embodied Effects of Expansive (vs. Contractive) Nonverbal Displays

By: Dana R. Carney, Amy J.C. Cuddy and Andy J. Yap

In this comment we list the 33 published experiments based on 2,521 participants demonstrating the embodied effects of expansive versus contractive nonverbal postures. We discuss a new addition to this list that found an embodied effect of nonverbal expansiveness on... View Details

Keywords: Nonverbal Communication; Behavior; Research

October 2010
Article

Power Posing: Brief Nonverbal Displays Affect Neuroendocrine Levels and Risk Tolerance

By: Dana R. Carney, Amy J.C. Cuddy and Andy J. Yap

Humans and other animals express power through open, expansive postures and powerlessness through closed, constrictive postures. But can these postures actually cause power? As predicted, results revealed that posing in high-power (vs. low-power) nonverbal displays... View Details

Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; Nonverbal Communication; Behavior; Decision Choices and Conditions; Gender; Power and Influence

21 Jun 2012 - 24 Jun 2012
Conference Presentation

Visual Attention to Power Posers: People Avert their Gaze from Nonverbal Displays of Power

By: Elizabeth Baily Wolf

Existing literature suggests that people visually attend more to powerful/high-status people. However, previous studies manipulated target power/status via the target’s role (e.g., CEO or judge vs. mechanic or fry cook) or clothing (e.g., business suit vs. sweat suit).... View Details

Keywords: Nonverbal Communication; Behavior; Rank and Position; Emotions; Power and Influence

April 2021
Article

Beyond the Emoticon: Are There Unintentional Cues of Emotion in Email?

By: Hayley Blunden and Andrew Brodsky

Email and text-based communication have become ubiquitous. Although recent findings indicate emotional equivalence between face-to-face and email communication, there is limited evidence of nonverbal behaviors in text-based communication, especially the kinds of... View Details

Keywords: Attributions; Nonverbal Behavior; Computer-mediated Communication; Communication; Emotions

December 21, 2021
Article

How to Become a Better Listener

By: Robin Abrahams and Boris Groysberg

Listening is a skill that’s vitally important, sadly undertaught, and physically and mentally taxing. In the aftermath of COVID-19, particularly with the shift to remote work and the red-hot job market, it’s never been more important—or more difficult—for leaders to be... View Details

Keywords: Listening; Nonverbal Communication; Communication; Competency and Skills; Performance Improvement

April 6, 2011
Blog Post

Boost Power Through Body Language

By: Amy Cuddy

Keywords: Nonverbal Behavior; Power; Influence; Hormones; Nonverbal Communication; Behavior; Power and Influence

October 28, 2012
Editorial

Act Powerful, Be Powerful

By: Amy Cuddy

Keywords: Power; Influence; Nonverbal Behavior; Hormones; Nonverbal Communication; Behavior; Power and Influence

January 11, 2013
Editorial

TED Weekends: Life Hack With Body Language

By: Amy Cuddy

Keywords: Nonverbal Behavior; Power; Psychology; Hormones; Nonverbal Communication; Behavior; Power and Influence

October 3, 2012
Blog Post

Tonight's Presidential Debate Will Be Decided by Body Language

By: Amy Cuddy

Keywords: Nonverbal Behavior; Persuasion; Influence; Public Speaking; Nonverbal Communication; Behavior; Debates; Power and Influence

March 20, 2013
Blog Post

Want to Lean In? Try a Power Pose

By: Amy Cuddy

Keywords: Power; Nonverbal Behavior; Hormones; Psychology

2022
Working Paper

Feeling Seen: Leader Eye Gaze Promotes Psychological Safety, Participation, and Voice

By: Nicole Abi-Esber, Alison Wood Brooks and Ethan Burris

Psychological safety is a hallmark of effective team functioning. Although prior work shows that characteristics of the leader influence employee judgments of psychological safety (and subsequent decisions to speak up), we know very little about “the specific behaviors... View Details

Keywords: Eye Gaze; Psychological Safety; Voice; Participation; Nonverbal Behavior; Verbal Behavior; Ostracism; Conversation; Groups; Groups and Teams; Social Psychology; Safety; Leadership; Behavior

November 2013
Article

The Ergonomics of Dishonesty: The Effect of Incidental Posture on Stealing, Cheating, and Traffic Violations

By: Andy J. Yap, Abbie S. Wazlawek, Brian J. Lucas, Amy J.C. Cuddy and Dana R. Carney

Can the structure of our everyday environment lead us to behave dishonestly? Four studies found that expansive postures incidentally imposed by our ordinary living environment lead to increases in dishonest behavior. The first three experiments found that individuals... View Details

Keywords: Dishonesty; Embodiment; Human Factors; Nonverbal Behavior; Power; Design; Behavior; Crime and Corruption; Situation or Environment; Power and Influence