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Publications

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  • All HBS Web  (82)
    • Faculty Publications  (13)

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    • All HBS Web  (82)
      • Faculty Publications  (13)

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      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      How Do Global Portfolio Investors Hedge Currency Risk?

      By: Robin Greenwood and Alex Cheema-Fox
      We use monthly portfolio data from one of the world’s largest custodian banks, with over $40 trillion assets under custody, to study how global portfolio investors hedge foreign exchange risk in their equity and fixed income portfolios over the past 25 years. The data... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Portfolio; Investment Funds; Currency; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Greenwood, Robin, and Alex Cheema-Fox. "How Do Global Portfolio Investors Hedge Currency Risk?" Working Paper, October 2024.
      • October 2024
      • Teaching Note

      El Salvador: Launching Bitcoin as Legal Tender

      By: Laura Alfaro
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 322-055. In June 2021, Nayib Bukele, El Salvador’s president, surprised the world with the announcement that the country would adopt bitcoin as legal tender, becoming the first nation to do so. Bitcoin was mostly used for trading and had... View Details
      Keywords: Bitcoin; Cryptocurrency; Currency; Financial Strategy; Economic Growth; Governance; Macroeconomics; Assets; Government Administration; Latin America; El Salvador
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      Alfaro, Laura. "El Salvador: Launching Bitcoin as Legal Tender." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 325-005, October 2024.
      • May 14, 2024
      • Article

      One Way to Help Employees Build Emergency Savings

      By: Timothy Flacke and Peter Tufano
      Intentional cooperation between two organizations — BlackRock, a major asset management firm, and national non-profit, Commonwealth — created the conditions for the nation’s largest payroll processor, multiple U.S. employers, retirement record keepers, and others to... View Details
      Keywords: Saving; Personal Finance; Income; Nonprofit Organizations; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Partners and Partnerships
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      Flacke, Timothy, and Peter Tufano. "One Way to Help Employees Build Emergency Savings." Harvard Business Review (website) (May 14, 2024).
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Does the Case for Private Equity Still Hold?

      By: Nori Gerardo Lietz and Philipp Chvanov
      Private Equity (“PE”) received a 10-fold increase in capital flows since the Great Financial Crisis (“GFC”) Investors sought higher nominal returns relative to those they could obtain in the public capital markets. This paper questions the fundamental assumptions... View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity; Investment Return; Investment Portfolio; Financial Markets
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      Lietz, Nori Gerardo, and Philipp Chvanov. "Does the Case for Private Equity Still Hold?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-066, January 2024.
      • September 2023
      • Article

      Customer Churn and Intangible Capital

      By: Scott R. Baker, Brian Baugh and Marco Sammon
      Intangible capital is a crucial and growing piece of firms’ capital structure, but many of its distinct components are difficult to measure. We develop and make available several new firm-level metrics regarding a key component of intangible capital – firms’ customer... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Base; Transaction Data; Customer Churn; Intangible Capital; Capital Structure; Measurement and Metrics; Customers
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      Baker, Scott R., Brian Baugh, and Marco Sammon. "Customer Churn and Intangible Capital." Journal of Political Economy Macroeconomics 1, no. 3 (September 2023): 447–505.
      • March 2022 (Revised February 2024)
      • Case

      El Salvador: Launching Bitcoin as Legal Tender

      By: Laura Alfaro, Carla Larangeira and Ruth Costas
      In June 2021, Nayib Bukele, El Salvador’s president, surprised the world with the announcement that the country would adopt bitcoin as legal tender, becoming the first nation to do so. Bitcoin was mostly used for trading and had one of the most volatile track records... View Details
      Keywords: Bitcoin; Cryptocurrency; Currency; Financial Strategy; Economic Growth; Governance; Macroeconomics; Assets; Latin America; El Salvador
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      Alfaro, Laura, Carla Larangeira, and Ruth Costas. "El Salvador: Launching Bitcoin as Legal Tender." Harvard Business School Case 322-055, March 2022. (Revised February 2024.)
      • July 2020
      • Case

      Mortgage Backed Securities and the Covid-19 Pandemic

      By: Emil N. Siriwardane, Luis M. Viceira and Dean Xu
      In April 2020, global financial markets were still reeling as the COVID-19 pandemic spread rapidly across the world. Global equity markets had initially fallen by 30% in response to the pandemic, and high-yield credit markets had dropped by nearly 20%. In contrast,... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Mortgage-backed Securities; Health Pandemics; Financial Markets; Assets; Resource Allocation; Financial Instruments; Decision Making
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      Siriwardane, Emil N., Luis M. Viceira, and Dean Xu. "Mortgage Backed Securities and the Covid-19 Pandemic." Harvard Business School Case 221-010, July 2020.
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Rainy Day Stocks

      By: Niels Gormsen and Robin Greenwood
      We study the good- and bad-times performance of equity portfolios formed on characteristics. Many characteristics associated with good performance during bad times – value, profitability, small size, safety, and total volatility – also perform well during good times.... View Details
      Keywords: Performance; Stocks; Situation or Environment
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      Gormsen, Niels, and Robin Greenwood. "Rainy Day Stocks." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-066, January 2017.
      • Article

      Waves in Ship Prices and Investment

      By: Robin Greenwood and Samuel G. Hanson
      We study the link between investment boom and bust cycles and returns on capital in the dry bulk shipping industry. We show that high current ship earnings are associated with high used ship prices and heightened industry investment in new ships, but forecast low... View Details
      Keywords: Business Earnings; Price; Investment; Shipping Industry
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      Greenwood, Robin, and Samuel G. Hanson. "Waves in Ship Prices and Investment." Quarterly Journal of Economics 130, no. 1 (February 2015): 55–109.
      • March–April 2014
      • Article

      The Low-Risk Anomaly: A Decomposition into Micro and Macro Effects

      By: Malcolm Baker, Brendan Bradley and Ryan Taliaferro
      Low beta stocks have offered a combination of low risk and high returns. We decompose the anomaly into micro and macro components. The micro component comes from the selection of low beta stocks. The macro component comes from the selection of low beta countries or... View Details
      Keywords: Low Volatility; Beta; Portfolio Construction; Market Efficiency; Capital Asset Pricing Model; Asset Management
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      Baker, Malcolm, Brendan Bradley, and Ryan Taliaferro. "The Low-Risk Anomaly: A Decomposition into Micro and Macro Effects." Financial Analysts Journal 70, no. 2 (March–April 2014): 43–58.
      • January 2013 (Revised April 2017)
      • Supplement

      Maxum Petroleum, Inc.

      By: W. Carl Kester
      Maxum seeks an oil-price hedging strategy that yields substantial cash during oil price spikes, is affordable under ordinary circumstances, and is easily managed. It is striving to avoid a repeat of the challenging situation encountered in 2008 when spiking oil prices... View Details
      Keywords: Hedging; Options; Commodities; Credit Derivatives and Swaps; Risk Management; Futures and Commodity Futures; Financial Strategy; Volatility
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      Kester, W. Carl. "Maxum Petroleum, Inc." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 213-714, January 2013. (Revised April 2017.)
      • April 2008 (Revised December 2008)
      • Case

      Leveraged Loans 2007

      By: Andre F. Perold and Erik Stafford
      The leveraged loan market was in a crisis during the summer of 2007, following many years of low realized volatility (less than 4% per annum), an index of leveraged loans had fallen over 5% in the month of July. A sudden drop in capital market prices for an asset class... View Details
      Keywords: History; Financial Liquidity; Investment; Financial Crisis; Market Transactions; Disruption; Decision Choices and Conditions; Competitive Strategy; Capital Markets; Crisis Management; Commercial Banking; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry
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      Perold, Andre F., and Erik Stafford. "Leveraged Loans 2007." Harvard Business School Case 208-145, April 2008. (Revised December 2008.)
      • Second Quarter 2008
      • Article

      How Does Investor Sentiment Affect the Cross-Section of Returns

      By: Malcolm Baker, Johnathan Wang and Jeffrey Wurgler
      Broad waves of investor sentiment should have larger impacts on securities that are more difficult to value and to arbitrage. Consistent with this intuition, we find that when an index of investor sentiment takes low values, small, young, high volatility,... View Details
      Keywords: Volatility; Behavioral Finance; Stocks; Investment; Investment Return; Attitudes
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      Baker, Malcolm, Johnathan Wang, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "How Does Investor Sentiment Affect the Cross-Section of Returns." Journal of Investment Management 6, no. 2 (Second Quarter 2008): 57–72.
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