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- 16 Mar 2009
- Research & Ideas
When the Internet Runs Out of IP Addresses
The Internet is running out of room. Experts predict that in two or three years we will run out of Web addresses, so-called IP addresses, that can be assigned to new Internet-based sites and services. Each site is assigned a unique number... View Details
- August 2015
- Article
Pricing and Efficiency in the Market for IP Addresses
By: Benjamin Edelman and Michael Schwarz
We consider market rules for transferring IP addresses, numeric identifiers required by all computers connected to the Internet. Transfers usefully move resources from lowest- to highest-valuation networks, but transfers tend to cause socially costly growth in the... View Details
Keywords: Externalities; Intermediaries; Market Design; Internet; Web Services Industry; Telecommunications Industry
Edelman, Benjamin, and Michael Schwarz. "Pricing and Efficiency in the Market for IP Addresses." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 7, no. 3 (August 2015): 1–23. (lead article.)
- 03 Nov 2011
- Working Paper Summaries
Pricing and Efficiency in the Market for IP Addresses
- May 2013
- Article
Guidance from ARIN on Legal Aspects of the Transfer of Internet Protocol Numbers
By: Benjamin Edelman and Stephen Ryan
Every device connected to the global Internet needs a numeric identifier, an "Internet Protocol" address ("IP address"). The Internet's continued growth presents a challenge: most IP addresses have already been assigned to networks and organizations, leaving few left... View Details
Keywords: IP Addresses; Regulation; Market Design; Market Transactions; Rights; Contracts; Internet; Technology Adoption; Technology Networks
Edelman, Benjamin, and Stephen Ryan. "Guidance from ARIN on Legal Aspects of the Transfer of Internet Protocol Numbers." Business Law Today (May 2013).
- 2009
- Article
Running Out of Numbers: Scarcity of IP Addresses and What To Do About It
By: Benjamin Edelman
The Internet's current numbering system is nearing exhaustion: Existing protocols allow only a finite set of computer numbers ("IP addresses"), and central authorities will soon deplete their supply. I evaluate a series of possible responses to this shortage: Sharing... View Details
Keywords: Internet; Performance Capacity; Technology Networks; Market Transactions; Resource Allocation; Policy; Price; Information Technology Industry
Edelman, Benjamin. "Running Out of Numbers: Scarcity of IP Addresses and What To Do About It." Auctions, Market Mechanisms and Their Applications 14 (2009): 95–106. (Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Science.) (Featured in Working Knowledge: When the Internet Runs Out of IP Addresses) (Circulated in 2008 as Running Out of Numbers? The Impending Scarcity of IP Addresses and What To Do About It.)
- 2009
- Working Paper
Running Out of Numbers: Scarcity of IP Addresses and What to Do About It
By: Benjamin Edelman
The Internet's current numbering system is nearing exhaustion: Existing protocols allow only a finite set of computer numbers ("IP addresses"), and central authorities will soon deplete their supply. I evaluate a series of possible responses to this shortage: Sharing... View Details
Keywords: Policy; Resource Allocation; Market Transactions; Internet; Technology Networks; Technology Industry; Telecommunications Industry
Edelman, Benjamin. "Running Out of Numbers: Scarcity of IP Addresses and What to Do About It." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-091, February 2009. (Revised March 2009.)
- 16 Mar 2009
- Working Paper Summaries
Running Out of Numbers: Scarcity of IP Addresses and What To Do About It
- 09 Jun 2008
- Lessons from the Classroom
Monetizing IP: The Executive’s Challenge
School professor Josh Lerner, an expert in intellectual property protection and commercialization. He believes many companies have failed to recognize the growing importance of IP in the global economy. "It has become more essential... View Details
- 2024
- Working Paper
Omnia Juncta in Uno: Foreign Powers and Trademark Protection in Shanghai's Concession Era
By: Laura Alfaro, Cathy Bao, Maggie X. Chen, Junjie Hong and Claudia Steinwender
We investigate how firms and markets adapt to trademark protection, an extensively utilized but under-examined form of IP protection to address asymmetric information, by exploring a historical precedent: China’s 1923 trademark law. Exploiting unique, newly digitized... View Details
Keywords: Trademark; Firm Dynamics; Intermediaries; Intellectual Property Institutions; Trademarks; Intellectual Property; Laws and Statutes; Outcome or Result; Organizational Change and Adaptation; China
Alfaro, Laura, Cathy Bao, Maggie X. Chen, Junjie Hong, and Claudia Steinwender. "Omnia Juncta in Uno: Foreign Powers and Trademark Protection in Shanghai's Concession Era." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-030, November 2021. (Revised July 2024.)
- November 2015
- Article
Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Joachim Henkel
Modularity is a means of partitioning technical knowledge about a product or process. When state-sanctioned intellectual property (IP) rights are ineffective or costly to enforce, modularity can be used to hide information and thus protect IP. We investigate the impact... View Details
Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Joachim Henkel. "Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection." Strategic Management Journal 36, no. 11 (November 2015): 1637–1655.
- 2014
- Working Paper
Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Joachim Henkel
Modularity is a means of partitioning technical knowledge about a product or process. When state-sanctioned intellectual property (IP) rights are ineffective or costly to enforce, modularity can be used to hide information and thus protect IP. We investigate the impact... View Details
Keywords: Modularity; Value Appropriation; Relational Contracts; Clans; Rights; Complexity; Intellectual Property
Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Joachim Henkel. "Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-046, December 2013. (Revised June 2014.)
- 29 Sep 2011
- Sharpening Your Skills
Sharpening Your Skills: Leveraging Intellectual Property
Hollywood's efforts, but local Bollywood companies as well. Hollywood's efforts in India are far from a lost cause: all these problems can be addressed if a studio understands India and develops a coherent strategy. Is My View Details
Keywords: Re: Multiple Faculty
- August 2011
- Supplement
InnoCentive.com (B)
By: Karim R. Lakhani and Eric Lonstein
InnoCentive.com enables clients to tap into internal and external solver networks to address various business issues. In 2008, InnoCentive introduced "InnoCentive@Work" (lC@W), which recognized clients' reluctance to share problems and solutions with an external... View Details
Keywords: Digital Platforms; Cost vs Benefits; Intellectual Property; Networks; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Product; Groups and Teams; Communication Technology
Lakhani, Karim R., and Eric Lonstein. "InnoCentive.com (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 612-026, August 2011.
- March 2009
- Case
Incept LLC and Confluent Surgical (A)
By: Bhaskar Chakravorti, Toby E. Stuart and James Weber
A venture capitalist must decide whether to invest in a medical technology company that licenses intellectual property from a privately held IP holding company based on a platform technology. Entrepreneurs Amar Sawhney and Fred Khosravi founded Incept LLC to... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Entrepreneurship; Intellectual Property; Rights; Agreements and Arrangements; Partners and Partnerships; Trust; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Chakravorti, Bhaskar, Toby E. Stuart, and James Weber. "Incept LLC and Confluent Surgical (A)." Harvard Business School Case 809-062, March 2009.
- Article
Policy Implications of Weak Patent Rights
By: James J. Anton, Hillary Greene and Dennis Yao
Patents vary substantially in the degree of protection provided against unauthorized imitation. In this chapter we explore a range of work addressing the economic and policy implications of "weak" patents—patents that have a significant probability of being overturned... View Details
Keywords: Patents; Motivation and Incentives; Entrepreneurship; Competition; Policy; Innovation and Invention; Rights; Monopoly; Business Startups
Anton, James J., Hillary Greene, and Dennis Yao. "Policy Implications of Weak Patent Rights." Innovation Policy and the Economy 6 (2006): 1–26. (Harvard users click here for full text.)
- 30 Jan 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection
Keywords: by Carliss Y. Baldwin & Joachim Henkel
- December 2007 (Revised January 2008)
- Case
Transforming Arizona's Health Care System: Developing and Implementing the Health-e Connection Roadmap
By: Lynda M. Applegate, Ajay Vinze, T.S. Raghu and Minu Ipe
Addresses the issues of leadership and change management in the process of transforming an industry through an innovative public-private partnership approach to policy making. In 2005, the Governor of Arizona issued an Executive Order to create a roadmap for the state... View Details
Keywords: Change Management; Transformation; Private Sector; Public Sector; Health Care and Treatment; Service Delivery; Partners and Partnerships; Information Technology; Health Industry; Service Industry
Applegate, Lynda M., Ajay Vinze, T.S. Raghu, and Minu Ipe. "Transforming Arizona's Health Care System: Developing and Implementing the Health-e Connection Roadmap." Harvard Business School Case 808-072, December 2007. (Revised January 2008.)
- 17 Dec 2013
- First Look
First Look: December 17
three options to address this threat: doing nothing, licensing the focal IP ex ante, and paying agents to stay loyal. His optimal choice depends on external parameters-the share of untrustworthy agents in... View Details
Keywords: Carmen Nobel
- 14 Aug 2012
- First Look
First Look: August 14
http://www.hbs.edu/research/pdf/13-010.pdf IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property Authors:Joachim Henkel, Carliss Y. Baldwin, and Willy C. Shih Abstract Distributed value... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- 04 Jun 2013
- First Look
First Look: June 4
Edelman, Benjamin, and Stephen M. Ryan Abstract—Every device connected to the global Internet needs a numeric identifier, an "Internet Protocol" address ("IP address"). The Internet's continued growth presents a... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne