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  • Summer 2018
  • Article

Scale versus Scope in the Diffusion of New Technology: Evidence from the Farm Tractor

By: Daniel P. Gross
Although tractors are now used in nearly every agricultural field operation and in the production of nearly all crops, they first developed with much more limited application. Early diffusion was accordingly rapid in these narrower applications but limited in scope... View Details
Keywords: Technology Diffusion; Spatial Technology Diffusion; Farm Tractors; R＆D; General-purpose Technologies; Technology Adoption; Agribusiness; Transportation; Research and Development; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; United States
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  • June 2023
  • Case

Tractor Supply Co

By: David L. Ager and Michael A. Roberto
In February 2023, Hal Lawton, CEO of Tractor Supply Co, the largest farm and ranch retailer in the United States reflected on the company’s 70% growth between 2019 and 2022. Economists had begun to predict an economic downturn and experts were predicting softening... View Details
Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Demand and Consumers; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Retail Industry
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  • Web

Caterpillar Tractor Co. - Photography Collections - Historical Collections

HBS Quick Links MBA Executive Education Doctoral Programs Faculty and Research Alumni HBS Publishing Site Index HBS Home Contact Us Map/Directions Photography Collections Introduction Large Collections Automobile Industry Caterpillar View Details
  • 01 Dec 2019
  • News

Case Study: Farming It Out

photo courtesy of Charlie Andersen Charlie Andersen (MBA 2014) grew up on a 200-acre organic family farm west of Philadelphia that produced everything from apples and blueberries to sweet corn. Andersen absolutely loved it—for the most... View Details
Keywords: Jen McFarland Flint; Agriculture
  • 19 Jun 2018
  • First Look

New Research and Ideas, June 19, 2018

Summer 2018 RAND Journal of Economics Scale versus Scope in the Diffusion of New Technology: Evidence from the Farm Tractor By: Gross, Daniel P. Abstract—Although tractors are... View Details
Keywords: Dina Gerdeman
  • 05 Apr 2016
  • First Look

April 5, 2016

Scale versus Scope in the Diffusion of New Technology By: Gross, Daniel P. Abstract—Using the farm tractor as a case study, I show that lags in technology diffusion arise along two distinct margins: scale... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthlorne
  • January 2009 (Revised May 2009)
  • Case

Innovation at Mahindra & Mahindra (A)

By: Stefan H. Thomke and Briana Doerr Luthra
Describes the Mahindra & Mahindra Group's approach to innovation. The Group is among the top industrial houses in India and its managing director Anand Mahindra has put innovation at the core of its growth strategy. Emphasis is placed on managing the balance between... View Details
Keywords: Innovation and Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Problems and Challenges; Marketing; Business Processes; Product; Innovation Strategy; Organizational Design; Demand and Consumers; Auto Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; India
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  • Web

Great American Business Leaders of the 20th Century - Leadership

Binder Amgen, 1988–2000 Stephen Birch Kennecott Copper, 1915–1933 Clarence Birdseye General Seafood's Company, 1924–1929 William Blackie Caterpillar Tractor Company, 1963–1977 Harold Blancke Celanese Corporation of America, 1946–1966... View Details
  • Web

United Fruit Company Photograph Collection - Photography Collections - Historical Collections

HBS Quick Links MBA Executive Education Doctoral Programs Faculty and Research Alumni HBS Publishing Site Index HBS Home Contact Us Map/Directions Photography Collections Introduction Large Collections Automobile Industry Caterpillar View Details
  • Web

Photography Collections - Historical Collections

HBS Quick Links MBA Executive Education Doctoral Programs Faculty and Research Alumni HBS Publishing Site Index HBS Home Contact Us Map/Directions Photography Collections Introduction Large Collections Automobile Industry Caterpillar View Details

    Otto H. Falk

    As head of Allis-Chalmers, Falk introduced a product line of earth-moving and other heavy machinery, including tractors, which used the internal combustion engine. Falk was hugely successful in leading Allis-Chalmers into the competitive market for View Details
    Keywords: Fabricated Goods
    • Web

    Pan-American Photograph Collection - Photography Collections - Historical Collections

    HBS Quick Links MBA Executive Education Doctoral Programs Faculty and Research Alumni HBS Publishing Site Index HBS Home Contact Us Map/Directions Photography Collections Introduction Large Collections Automobile Industry Caterpillar View Details
    • Web

    Plymouth Motor Corporation Photograph Collection - Photography Collections - Historical Collections

    HBS Quick Links MBA Executive Education Doctoral Programs Faculty and Research Alumni HBS Publishing Site Index HBS Home Contact Us Map/Directions Photography Collections Introduction Large Collections Automobile Industry Caterpillar View Details
    • Web

    Stereograph Collections - Photography Collections - Historical Collections

    HBS Quick Links MBA Executive Education Doctoral Programs Faculty and Research Alumni HBS Publishing Site Index HBS Home Contact Us Map/Directions Photography Collections Introduction Large Collections Automobile Industry Caterpillar View Details
    • 28 Apr 2008
    • HBS Case

    Negotiating with Wal-Mart

    tractors ($12,000 each) as a cheaper and faster way to transport melons to the warehouse. Talley also negotiated a coveted co-management supplier agreement with Wal-Mart, showing how Frey Farms could share... View Details
    Keywords: by Julia Hanna; Retail
    • Web

    Site Credits - Photography Collections - Historical Collections

    HBS Quick Links MBA Executive Education Doctoral Programs Faculty and Research Alumni HBS Publishing Site Index HBS Home Contact Us Map/Directions Photography Collections Introduction Large Collections Automobile Industry Caterpillar View Details
    • Web

    General File - Photography Collections - Historical Collections

    HBS Quick Links MBA Executive Education Doctoral Programs Faculty and Research Alumni HBS Publishing Site Index HBS Home Contact Us Map/Directions Photography Collections Introduction Large Collections Automobile Industry Caterpillar View Details
    • 01 Mar 2008
    • News

    Negotiating with Wal-Mart

    For example, Frey Farms used school buses ($1,500 each) instead of tractors ($12,000 each) as a cheaper and faster way to transport melons to the warehouse. Talley also negotiated a coveted co-management... View Details
    Keywords: Julia Hanna; General Merchandise Stores; Retail Trade
    • Web

    Automobile Industry - Photography Collections - Historical Collections

    HBS Quick Links MBA Executive Education Doctoral Programs Faculty and Research Alumni HBS Publishing Site Index HBS Home Contact Us Map/Directions Photography Collections Introduction Large Collections Automobile Industry Caterpillar View Details
    • Web

    Introduction - Photography Collections - Historical Collections

    HBS Quick Links MBA Executive Education Doctoral Programs Faculty and Research Alumni HBS Publishing Site Index HBS Home Contact Us Map/Directions Photography Collections Introduction Large Collections Automobile Industry Caterpillar View Details