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- Faculty Publications (9)
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- 2025
- Working Paper
Emotional Manipulation by AI Companions
By: Julian De Freitas, Zeliha Oğuz-Uğuralp and Ahmet Kaan-Uğuralp
AI-companion apps such as Replika, Chai, and Character.ai promise relational benefits—yet many boast session lengths that rival gaming platforms while suffering high long-run churn. What conversational design features increase consumer engagement, and what trade-offs... View Details
Keywords: Generative Ai; Chatbots; Emotional Manipulation; User Retention; Dark Side Of Technology; Consumer Welfare; AI and Machine Learning; Ethics; Consumer Behavior; Emotions; Perception
De Freitas, Julian, Zeliha Oğuz-Uğuralp, and Ahmet Kaan-Uğuralp. "Emotional Manipulation by AI Companions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 26-005, August 2025.
- Forthcoming
- Article
Overestimation in the Aggregation of Emotional Intensity of Social Media Content
By: Jonas Paul Schöne, Matthew D. Rocklage, Brian Parkinson and Amit Goldenberg
Users on social media are regularly presented with sequences of emotional content in their newsfeeds, which affects their viewpoints and emotions. Could the way users aggregate and remember emotional content from their feeds contribute to the fact emotions are... View Details
Schöne, Jonas Paul, Matthew D. Rocklage, Brian Parkinson, and Amit Goldenberg. "Overestimation in the Aggregation of Emotional Intensity of Social Media Content." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (forthcoming). (Pre-published online August 4, 2025.)
- 2009
- Article
Social Structure Shapes Cultural Stereotypes and Emotions: A Causal Test of the Stereotype Content Model
By: P. Caprariello, A.J.C. Cuddy and S.T. Fiske
The stereotype content model (SCM) posits that social structure predicts specific cultural stereotypes and associated emotional prejudices (Fiske et al., 2002). No prior evidence at a societal level has manipulated both structural predictors and measured both... View Details
Keywords: Competency and Skills; Mathematical Methods; Emotions; Personal Characteristics; Prejudice and Bias; Status and Position; Culture; Competition
Caprariello, P., A.J.C. Cuddy, and S.T. Fiske. "Social Structure Shapes Cultural Stereotypes and Emotions: A Causal Test of the Stereotype Content Model." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 12, no. 2 (2009): 147–155.
- June 2017
- Article
The Surprising Effectiveness of Hostile Mediators
By: Ting Zhang, Francesca Gino and Michael I. Norton
Contrary to the tendency of mediators to defuse negative emotions between adversaries by treating them kindly, we demonstrate the surprising effectiveness of hostile mediators in resolving conflict. Hostile mediators generate greater willingness to reach agreements... View Details
Keywords: Mediation; Conflict; Negotiation; Hostility; Negotiation Style; Emotions; Conflict and Resolution
Zhang, Ting, Francesca Gino, and Michael I. Norton. "The Surprising Effectiveness of Hostile Mediators." Management Science 63, no. 6 (June 2017): 1972–1992.
- Article
Memory Lane and Morality: How Childhood Memories Promote Prosocial Behavior
By: F. Gino and S. Desai
Four experiments demonstrated that recalling memories from one's own childhood lead people to experience feelings of moral purity and to behave prosocially. In Experiment 1, participants instructed to recall memories from their childhood were more likely to help the... View Details
Gino, F., and S. Desai. "Memory Lane and Morality: How Childhood Memories Promote Prosocial Behavior." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 102, no. 4 (April 2012): 743–758.
- 2011
- Working Paper
Memory Lane and Morality: How Childhood Memories Promote Prosocial Behavior
By: Francesca Gino and Sreedhari D. Desai
Four experiments demonstrated that recalling memories from one's own childhood lead people to experience feelings of moral purity and to behave prosocially. In Experiment 1, participants instructed to recall memories from their childhood were more likely to help the... View Details
Keywords: Judgments; Moral Sensibility; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Organizational Culture; Behavior; Emotions; Personal Characteristics; Welfare
Gino, Francesca, and Sreedhari D. Desai. "Memory Lane and Morality: How Childhood Memories Promote Prosocial Behavior." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-079, February 2011.
- December 2016
- Article
The Effects of Endowment Size and Strategy Method on Third Party Punishment
By: Jillian J. Jordan, Katherine McAuliffe and David G. Rand
Numerous experiments have shown that people often engage in third-party punishment (3PP) of selfish behavior. This evidence has been used to argue that people respond to selfishness with anger, and get utility from punishing those who mistreat others. Elements of the... View Details
Keywords: Third-party Punishment; Norm-enforcement; Strategy Method; Economic Games; Cooperation; Emotions; Fairness
Jordan, Jillian J., Katherine McAuliffe, and David G. Rand. "The Effects of Endowment Size and Strategy Method on Third Party Punishment." Experimental Economics 19, no. 4 (December 2016): 741–763.
- 30 Apr 2021
- Research & Ideas
Why Anger Makes a Wrongly Accused Person Look Guilty
whether an accused person has committed the offense, based on the emotions he or she expresses. Such an unfair judgment can have grave consequences, affecting the accused person’s career and even leading to job loss. "People who are... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding
- 21 Jun 2012 - 24 Jun 2012
- Conference Presentation
Visual Attention to Power Posers: People Avert their Gaze from Nonverbal Displays of Power
By: Elizabeth Baily Wolf
Existing literature suggests that people visually attend more to powerful/high-status people. However, previous studies manipulated target power/status via the target’s role (e.g., CEO or judge vs. mechanic or fry cook) or clothing (e.g., business suit vs. sweat suit).... View Details
Publications
2000-2005 Selected
Chiu, C-y, Morris, M.W., Hong, Y-y, & Menon, T. (2000). Motivated cultural cognition: The impact of implicit cultural theories on dispositional attribution varies as a function of Need for Closure.... View Details
- 22 May 2024
- HBS Case
Banned or Not, TikTok Is a Force Companies Can’t Afford to Ignore
understands users’ emotions TikTok presents videos it thinks a user might engage with, rather than waiting for the user to choose posts they prefer or follow those of influencers or friends. Its single-page vertical videos allow the app... View Details
- 20 Sep 2010
- Research & Ideas
Power Posing: Fake It Until You Make It
time, cause impaired immune functioning, hypertension, and memory loss). The result? In addition to causing the desired hormonal shift, the power poses led to increased feelings of power and a greater tolerance for risk. "We used to think that View Details
Keywords: by Julia Hanna
- 13 Jul 2021
- Research & Ideas
Outrage Spreads Faster on Twitter: Evidence from 44 News Outlets
in-group." Past research shows negativity spread fastest in contexts that involved two or more rival or competing groups, where negative emotions were more likely to prevail. The polarized nature of American political discourse,... View Details
- 13 Feb 2013
- Research & Ideas
5 Weight Loss Tips From Behavioral Economists
emotional feeling of guilt. The researchers asked 67 college undergraduates to complete a series of tasks that involved recalling past guilt-inducing behavior, confronting an opportunity to cheat, and choosing whether to eat a piece of... View Details
Keywords: by Carmen Nobel
- 29 Dec 2014
- Research & Ideas
Most Popular Articles and Research Papers of 2014
Silvia Bellezza, Francesca Gino, and Anat Keinan shows there may be prestige advantages when you stand out rather than fit in. The Role of Emotions in Effective Negotiations Senior Lecturer Andy Wasynczuk, a former negotiator for the New... View Details
- 04 Jun 2013
- First Look
First Look: June 4
Emotional Benefits of Prosocial Spending By: Aknin, Lara B., Elizabeth W. Dunn, Ashley V. Whillans, Adam M. Grant, and Michael I. Norton Abstract—When does giving lead to happiness? Here, we present two studies demonstrating that the... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- 21 Oct 2008
- First Look
First Look: October 21, 2008
Stereotype Content Model Authors:P. Caprariello, A.J.C. Cuddy, and S.T. Fiske Publication:Group Processes and Intergroup Relations (in press) Abstract The stereotype content model (SCM) posits that social structure predicts specific cultural stereotypes and associated... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
- 19 Nov 2007
- Lessons from the Classroom
Teaching The Moral Leader
that some of the hardest leadership decisions are the ones that have moral or ethical stakes. For example, while on the board of a nonprofit, I was approached by an employee—a whistleblower—who accused the program director of manipulating... View Details
- 12 Feb 2019
- First Look
New Research and Ideas, February 12, 2019
events, messenger dislike is correlated with the belief that the messenger had malevolent motives (Studies 5A, 5B, & 5C). Studies 6A & 6B go further, manipulating messenger motives independently from news valence to suggest its... View Details
Keywords: Dina Gerdeman
- 12 Jan 2016
- First Look
January 12, 2016
Effectiveness of the Hostile Mediator By: Zhang, Ting, Francesca Gino, and Michael Norton Abstract—Contrary to the tendency of mediators to defuse negative emotions between adversaries by treating them kindly, we demonstrate the... View Details
Keywords: Carmen Nobel