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- Faculty Publications (276)
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All HBS Web
(1,584)
- Faculty Publications (276)
- September 2013
- Article
Testimonials Do Not Convert Patients from Brand to Generic Medication
By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian and Gwendolyn Reynolds
Objectives: To assess whether the addition of a peer testimonial to an informational mailing increases conversion rates from brand name prescription medications to lower-cost therapeutic equivalents, and whether the testimonial's efficacy increases when... View Details
Keywords:
Testimonial;
Peer Information;
Social Proximity;
Communication;
Generic Medication;
Familiarity;
Marketing Communications;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Identity;
Health Care and Treatment;
Marketing Reference Programs;
Power and Influence;
Brands and Branding;
Health Industry
Beshears, John, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian, and Gwendolyn Reynolds. "Testimonials Do Not Convert Patients from Brand to Generic Medication." American Journal of Managed Care 19, no. 9 (September 2013): e314–e316.
- October 2013
- Article
With a Little Help from My (Random) Friends: Success and Failure in Post-Business School Entrepreneurship
By: Josh Lerner and Ulrike Malmendier
To what extent do peers affect our occupational choices? This question has been of particular interest in the context of entrepreneurship and policies to create a favorable environment for entry. Such influences, however, are hard to identify empirically. We exploit...
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Lerner, Josh, and Ulrike Malmendier. "With a Little Help from My (Random) Friends: Success and Failure in Post-Business School Entrepreneurship." Review of Financial Studies 26, no. 10 (October 2013): 2411–2452. (Earlier versions distributed as National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 16918 and Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 11-108.)
- August 2013
- Background Note
A Simple Free Cash Flow Valuation Model
Explores some of the issues involved in valuing cash flow streams. A simple model is presented that reveals the effect on value of changing assumptions about the appropriate discount rate, the level of profitability, the growth rate of sales, the asset intensity ratio,...
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Sahlman, William A. "A Simple Free Cash Flow Valuation Model." Harvard Business School Background Note 814-027, August 2013.
- August 2013
- Article
Customer-Driven Misconduct: How Competition Corrupts Business Practices
By: Victor Manuel Bennett, Lamar Pierce, Jason A. Snyder and Michael W. Toffel
Competition among firms yields many benefits but can also encourage firms to engage in corrupt or unethical activities. We argue that competition can lead organizations to provide services that customers demand but that violate government regulations, especially when...
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Keywords:
Competition;
Crime and Corruption;
Management Practices and Processes;
Ethics;
Consumer Behavior;
Customer Satisfaction;
Auto Industry;
Service Industry
Bennett, Victor Manuel, Lamar Pierce, Jason A. Snyder, and Michael W. Toffel. "Customer-Driven Misconduct: How Competition Corrupts Business Practices." Management Science 59, no. 8 (August 2013): 1725–1742. (Online Appendix. Lead article. Nominated for "Best Conference Paper Award" and "SMS Best Conference Paper Prize for Practice Implications" at 2012 Strategic Management Society International Conference.)
- 2013
- Article
Inflated Applicants: Attribution Errors in Performance Evaluation by Professionals
By: S. A. Swift, D. Moore, Z. Sharek and F. Gino
When explaining others' behaviors, achievements, and failures, it is common for people to attribute too much influence to disposition and too little influence to structural and situational factors. We examine whether this tendency leads even experienced professionals...
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Keywords:
Evaluations;
Correspondence Bias;
Selection Decisions;
Attribution;
Prejudice and Bias;
Selection and Staffing;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Performance Evaluation;
Cognition and Thinking
Swift, S. A., D. Moore, Z. Sharek, and F. Gino. "Inflated Applicants: Attribution Errors in Performance Evaluation by Professionals." e69258. PLoS ONE 8, no. 7 (July 2013).
- 2013
- Dissertation
Designing Freemium: A Model of Consumer Usage, Upgrade, and Referral Dynamics
By: Clarence Lee, Vineet Kumar and Sunil Gupta
Abstract. Over the past decade "freemium" (free + premium) has become the dominant business model among internet start-ups for its ability to acquire and monetize a large install-base with limited marketing resources. Freemium is a hybrid strategy where a firm offers...
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- March 2013
- Case
Currency Wars
By: Laura Alfaro and Hilary White
In February 2013, the G-20 finance ministers met in Moscow, Russia to discuss the rising anxieties over a potential international currency war. It was speculated that certain countries were purposely devaluing their currencies in order to improve their competitiveness...
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Keywords:
Currency;
Competitiveness;
Trade Policy;
Devaluation;
Exchange Rate;
Monetary Policy;
Quantitative Easing;
Inflation Targeting;
Capital Flows;
Central Banking;
Currency Exchange Rate;
Competitive Strategy;
Emerging Markets;
Policy;
Trade;
Conflict and Resolution;
Banking Industry;
Public Administration Industry;
Moscow
Alfaro, Laura, and Hilary White. "Currency Wars." Harvard Business School Case 713-074, March 2013.
- Article
Criminal Recidivism after Prison and Electronic Monitoring
By: Rafael Di Tella and Ernesto Schargrodsky
We study criminal recidivism in Argentina by focusing on the re-arrest rates of two groups: individuals released from prison and individuals released from electronic monitoring. Detainees are randomly assigned to judges, and ideological differences across judges...
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Keywords:
Crime;
Prison;
Recidivism;
Behavior;
Situation or Environment;
Crime and Corruption;
Argentina
Di Tella, Rafael, and Ernesto Schargrodsky. "Criminal Recidivism after Prison and Electronic Monitoring." Journal of Political Economy 121, no. 1 (February 2013): 28–73.
- 2013
- Article
Planning Prompts as a Means of Increasing Preventive Screening Rates
By: Katherine L Milkman, John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
Keywords:
Reminder Systems;
Communication;
Economics;
Behavioral;
Primary Prevention;
Colonoscopy;
Memory;
Behavior;
Health Care and Treatment;
Health Testing and Trials;
Communication Strategy;
Health Industry
Milkman, Katherine L., John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson, and Brigitte C. Madrian. "Planning Prompts as a Means of Increasing Preventive Screening Rates." Preventive Medicine 56, no. 1 (January 2013): 92–93.
- December 2012 (Revised July 2013)
- Case
The “Chongqing Model” and the Future of China
By: Meg Rithmire
Since opening to the global economy in 1979, but especially since entering the WTO in 2001, China's economy grew at rates around 10% annually by attracting FDI and promoting exports. After the financial crisis that began in 2008 and depressed demand in the United...
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Keywords:
China;
Public Sector;
Private Sector;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Macroeconomics;
Public Administration Industry;
China
Rithmire, Meg. "The “Chongqing Model” and the Future of China ." Harvard Business School Case 713-028, December 2012. (Revised July 2013.)
- Article
Agency Costs, Mispricing, and Ownership Structure
By: Sergey Chernenko, C. Fritz Foley and Robin Greenwood
Standard theories of corporate ownership assume that because markets are efficient, insiders ultimately bear all agency costs that they create and therefore have a strong incentive to minimize conflicts of interest with outside investors. We argue that if equity is...
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Keywords:
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Ownership;
Conflict of Interests;
Investment;
Valuation
Chernenko, Sergey, C. Fritz Foley, and Robin Greenwood. "Agency Costs, Mispricing, and Ownership Structure." Financial Management 41, no. 4 (Winter 2012): 885–914.
- November 2012
- Teaching Note
Groupon (TN)
By: Sunil Gupta, Ray Weaver and Yien Hao Lock
On November 4, 2011, Groupon, a marketing services company that promoted local businesses by selling deeply discounted vouchers for their products and services, completed its initial public offering that valued the company at $17 billion. Within a year Groupon's share...
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- July–August 2012
- Article
A Better Way to Tax U.S. Businesses
By: Mihir Desai
The article argues that U.S. taxation reform should reduce corporate taxes, incorporate an awareness of the global marketplace, and generate revenue-neutral incentives for innovation. According to the article, a reduction in corporate tax rates would be offset by a tax...
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Keywords:
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Taxation;
Globalization;
Labor;
Innovation and Invention;
United States
Desai, Mihir. "A Better Way to Tax U.S. Businesses." Harvard Business Review 90, nos. 7-8 (July–August 2012): 135–139.
- May 2012
- Article
Measuring the Prevalence of Questionable Research Practices with Incentives for Truth-telling
By: Leslie K. John, George Loewenstein and Drazen Prelec
Cases of clear scientific misconduct have received significant media attention recently, but less flagrant transgressions of research norms may be more prevalent and in the long run more damaging to the academic enterprise. We surveyed over 2,000 psychologists about...
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Keywords:
Research;
Practice;
Motivation and Incentives;
Surveys;
Values and Beliefs;
Measurement and Metrics
John, Leslie K., George Loewenstein, and Drazen Prelec. "Measuring the Prevalence of Questionable Research Practices with Incentives for Truth-telling." Psychological Science 23, no. 5 (May 2012): 524–532.
- April 2012
- Article
Bouncing Out of the Banking System: An Empirical Analysis of Involuntary Bank Account Closures
By: Dennis Campbell, F. Asis Martinez-Jerez and Peter Tufano
Using a new database, we document the factors that relate to the extent of involuntary consumer bank account closure resulting from excessive overdraft activity. Consumers who have accounts involuntarily closed for overdraft activity may have limited or no access to...
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Keywords:
Mathematical Methods;
Customers;
Social Issues;
Outcome or Result;
Budgets and Budgeting;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Competition;
Banks and Banking;
Policy;
Personal Characteristics;
Credit;
Employment;
United States
Campbell, Dennis, F. Asis Martinez-Jerez, and Peter Tufano. "Bouncing Out of the Banking System: An Empirical Analysis of Involuntary Bank Account Closures." Journal of Banking & Finance 36, no. 4 (April 2012): 1224–1235.
- 2012
- Chapter
The Confederacy of Heterogeneous Software Organizations and Heterogeneous Developers: Field Experimental Evidence on Sorting and Worker Effort
By: Kevin J. Boudreau and Karim R. Lakhani
Software development occurs in a patchwork or "confederacy" of different types of institutions (universities, small start-ups, multinational enterprises, government agencies, etc.) utilizing varied work approaches. Here we speculate on one possible explanation for this...
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Keywords:
Innovation and Invention;
Applications and Software;
Product Development;
Organizations;
Employees;
Behavior;
Competition;
Cooperation;
Creativity;
Information Technology Industry
Boudreau, Kevin J., and Karim R. Lakhani. "The Confederacy of Heterogeneous Software Organizations and Heterogeneous Developers: Field Experimental Evidence on Sorting and Worker Effort." In The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited, edited by Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, 483–502. University of Chicago Press, 2012.
- 2012
- Book
The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited
By: Josh Lerner and Scott Stern
While the importance of innovation to economic development is widely understood, the conditions conducive to it remain the focus of much attention. This volume offers new theoretical and empirical contributions to fundamental questions relating to the economics of...
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Keywords:
Technological Innovation;
Opportunities;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Resource Allocation;
Economic Growth;
Research and Development
Lerner, Josh and Scott Stern, eds. The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited. University of Chicago Press, 2012.
- 2012
- Working Paper
~Why Do We Redistribute so Much but Tag so Little? Normative Diversity, Equal Sacrifice and Optimal Taxation
Tagging is a free lunch in conventional optimal tax theory because it eases the classic tradeoff between efficiency and equality. But tagging is used in only limited ways in tax policy. I propose one explanation: conventional optimal tax theory has yet to capture the...
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Keywords:
Forecasting and Prediction;
Cost;
Framework;
Policy;
Taxation;
Analytics and Data Science;
Performance Efficiency;
United States
Weinzierl, Matthew. "~Why Do We Redistribute so Much but Tag so Little? Normative Diversity, Equal Sacrifice and Optimal Taxation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-064, January 2012. (Revised August 2012. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 18045, August 2012)
- 2012
- Chapter
An Assessment of How Urban Crime and Victimization Affects Life Satisfaction
By: Carlos Medina and Jorge Tamayo
We use data for Medellín, Colombia, to assess the effect of the homicide rate, individual’s perception of security in their neighborhood of residence, and of the effect of their having been victimized, on life satisfaction. We find a negative effect of the homicide...
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Medina, Carlos, and Jorge Tamayo. "An Assessment of How Urban Crime and Victimization Affects Life Satisfaction." In Subjective Well-Being and Security. No. 46, edited by Dave Webb and Eduardo Wills-Herrera, 91–147. Social Indicators Research Series. Dordrecht ; New York: Springer, 2012.
- January – March 2012
- Article
Bond Risk, Bond Return Volatility, and the Term Structure of Interest Rates
By: Luis M. Viceira
This paper explores time variation in bond risk, as measured by the covariation of bond returns with stock returns and with consumption growth, and in the volatility of bond returns. A robust stylized fact in empirical finance is that the spread between the yield on...
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Keywords:
Bonds;
Volatility;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Interest Rates;
Inflation and Deflation;
Investment Return;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Currency Exchange Rate;
Cash Flow;
Stocks
Viceira, Luis M. "Bond Risk, Bond Return Volatility, and the Term Structure of Interest Rates." International Journal of Forecasting 28, no. 1 (January–March 2012): 97–117.