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All HBS Web
(2,488)
- Faculty Publications (497)
- January 2020
- Case
The Origins of Bell Labs
By: Tom Nicholas and John Masko
In 1947, scientists at Bell Labs invented the transistor—a tiny signal amplifier that would go on to become the fundamental building block of the digital age. But, confounding most traditional economic assumptions, it was not a vigorous startup that made this momentous...
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Keywords:
Business History;
Innovation Leadership;
Technological Innovation;
Patents;
Monopoly;
Organizational Structure;
Competitive Strategy;
Telecommunications Industry;
Boston;
Massachusetts;
New York (city, NY)
Nicholas, Tom, and John Masko. "The Origins of Bell Labs." Harvard Business School Case 820-081, January 2020.
- 2020
- Book
Competing in the Age of AI: Strategy and Leadership When Algorithms and Networks Run the World
By: Marco Iansiti and Karim R. Lakhani
In industry after industry, data, analytics, and AI-driven processes are transforming the nature of work. While we often still treat AI as the domain of a specific skill, business function, or sector, we have entered a new era in which AI is challenging the very...
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Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence;
Technological Innovation;
Change;
Competition;
Strategy;
Leadership;
Business Processes;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
AI and Machine Learning
Iansiti, Marco, and Karim R. Lakhani. Competing in the Age of AI: Strategy and Leadership When Algorithms and Networks Run the World. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2020.
- 2020
- Article
Assessing the Impact of Big Data on Firm Innovation Performance: Big Data is not Always Better Data
By: Maryam Ghasemaghaei and Goran Calic
In this study, we explore the impacts of big data’s main characteristics (i.e., volume, variety, and velocity) on innovation performance (i.e., innovation efficacy and efficiency), which eventually impacts firm performance (i.e., customer perspective, financial...
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Ghasemaghaei, Maryam, and Goran Calic. "Assessing the Impact of Big Data on Firm Innovation Performance: Big Data is not Always Better Data." Journal of Business Research 108 (2020): 147–162.
- 2019
- Article
Overcoming Cultural Resistance to Open Source Innovation
By: John Winsor, Jin Hyun Paik, Michael Tushman and Karim R. Lakhani
Purpose: This article offers insight on how to effectively help incumbent organizations prepare for global business shifts to open source and digital business models.
Design/methodology/approach: Discussion related to observation, experience and case studies... View Details
Design/methodology/approach: Discussion related to observation, experience and case studies... View Details
Keywords:
Open Source Innovation;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Business Model;
Technological Innovation;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention
Winsor, John, Jin Hyun Paik, Michael Tushman, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Overcoming Cultural Resistance to Open Source Innovation." Strategy & Leadership 47, no. 6 (2019): 28–33.
- December 2019
- Article
Patent Trolls: Evidence from Targeted Firms
By: Lauren Cohen, Umit Gurun and Scott Duke Kominers
We provide the first large-sample evidence on the behavior and impact of nonpracticing entities (NPEs) in the intellectual-property space. We find that, on average, NPEs appear to behave as opportunistic “patent trolls.” NPEs sue cash-rich firms and target cash in...
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Keywords:
Patent Trolls;
Innovation;
Patents;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Ethics;
Innovation and Invention
Cohen, Lauren, Umit Gurun, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Patent Trolls: Evidence from Targeted Firms." Management Science 65, no. 12 (December 2019): 5461–5486. (Cited in the United States Federal Trade Commission Report on Patent Assertion Entities, 2016.)
- November 2019 (Revised January 2020)
- Case
Bayer Crop Science
By: David E. Bell, Damien McLoughlin, Natalie Kindred and James Barnett
In mid-2019, a year after German conglomerate Bayer Group closed its acquisition of U.S.-based seeds giant Monsanto, the leadership of Bayer’s Crop Science division (which absorbed Monsanto) is reflecting on the opportunities ahead. Some observers have questioned...
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Keywords:
Agribusiness;
Research and Development;
Innovation and Invention;
Innovation Strategy;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Consolidation;
Customer Value and Value Chain;
Change Management;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Technology Industry;
United States;
Germany
Bell, David E., Damien McLoughlin, Natalie Kindred, and James Barnett. "Bayer Crop Science." Harvard Business School Case 520-055, November 2019. (Revised January 2020.)
- November 2019 (Revised April 2020)
- Case
Purple Innovation, Inc.: The Online to Offline Marketing Challenge
By: Elie Ofek and Nakisha Williams
This case focuses on Purple Innovation Inc. (Purple), a company that started out in the Direct to Consumer (DTC) mattress space. In late 2018, after a successful launch and IPO with sales predominantly originating from its website, Purple was looking to sustain its...
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Keywords:
Offline Sales;
Marketing Strategy;
Digital Marketing;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Consumer Products Industry;
Retail Industry
Ofek, Elie, and Nakisha Williams. "Purple Innovation, Inc.: The Online to Offline Marketing Challenge." Harvard Business School Case 520-040, November 2019. (Revised April 2020.)
- 2019
- Article
Does Big Data Enhance Firm Innovation Competency? The Mediating Role of Data-driven Insights
By: Maryam Ghasemaghaei and Goran Calic
Grounded in gestalt insight learning theory and organizational learning theory, we collected data from 280 middle and top-level managers to investigate the impact of each big data characteristic (i.e., data volume, data velocity, data variety, and data veracity) on...
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Ghasemaghaei, Maryam, and Goran Calic. "Does Big Data Enhance Firm Innovation Competency? The Mediating Role of Data-driven Insights." Journal of Business Research 104 (2019): 69–84.
- October 2019
- Case
Agility Africa
By: Juan Alcacer, Caroline M. Elkins and Esel Çekin
This case illustrates the challenge and opportunities that firms face when developing and executing new business models in high-risk, low-infrastructure, low-trust countries. It features a global logistics group, Agility, that aimed to become the leader in supplying...
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Keywords:
Strategy;
Business Model;
Innovation and Invention;
Expansion;
Emerging Markets;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Real Estate Industry;
Distribution Industry;
Africa
Alcacer, Juan, Caroline M. Elkins, and Esel Çekin. "Agility Africa." Harvard Business School Case 720-357, October 2019.
- Article
Organizational Innovation in the Multinational Enterprise: Internalization Theory and Business History
By: Teresa da Silva Lopes, Mark Casson and Geoffrey Jones
This article engages in a methodological experiment by using historical evidence to challenge a common misperception about internalization theory. The theory has often been criticized for maintaining that it assumes a hierarchically organized MNE based on knowledge...
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Keywords:
Internalization;
Multinational Strategy;
Business History;
Organization And Management Theory;
Globalization;
Entrepreneurship;
Governance;
History;
Organizations;
Theory;
Africa;
Asia;
Europe;
Latin America;
North and Central America
da Silva Lopes, Teresa, Mark Casson, and Geoffrey Jones. "Organizational Innovation in the Multinational Enterprise: Internalization Theory and Business History." Journal of International Business Studies 50, no. 8 (October 2019): 1338–1358.
- September 2019 (Revised December 2019)
- Case
Google: To TVC or Not to TVC?
By: William R. Kerr and Carl Kreitzberg
In late 2018, evidence emerged that many of Google’s temporary help agency workers, vendors, and independent contractors (“TVCs”) were unhappy with the company. TVCs, who reportedly made up 49.95% of Google’s 170,000-person global workforce, had raised concerns of...
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Keywords:
Workforce;
Independent Contractors;
Talent Management;
Silicon Valley;
Google;
Employee Attitude;
Employee Compensation;
Employee Engagement;
Future Of Work;
Innovation;
Innovation And Strategy;
Inequality;
Talent Acquisition;
Labor;
Talent and Talent Management;
Strategy;
Technological Innovation;
Employees;
Attitudes;
Innovation and Management;
Human Resources;
Equality and Inequality;
Information Technology Industry;
United States;
San Francisco
Kerr, William R., and Carl Kreitzberg. "Google: To TVC or Not to TVC?" Harvard Business School Case 820-048, September 2019. (Revised December 2019.)
- Article
Extending the Role of Headquarters Beyond the Firm Boundary: Entrepreneurial Alliance Innovation
By: Jaeho Kim and Andy Wu
Prior research on corporate headquarters (CHQ) characteristics identifies the impact of CHQ location and composition on the innovation outcomes of internal subsidiaries. However, given that external strategic alliances with high-tech entrepreneurial firms represent a...
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Keywords:
Alliance;
Innovation;
Corporate Headquarters;
Geographic Proximity;
Entrepreneurship;
Corporate Strategy;
Alliances;
Joint Ventures;
Innovation and Invention;
Business Headquarters;
Geographic Location
Kim, Jaeho, and Andy Wu. "Extending the Role of Headquarters Beyond the Firm Boundary: Entrepreneurial Alliance Innovation." Art. 15. Special Issue on Corporate Headquarters. Journal of Organization Design 8 (2019): 1–35.
- 2019
- Chapter
The Great Divergence and the Great Convergence
By: Geoffrey Jones
This chapter provides a new lens to the extensive debate among economists and economic historians concerning why the West grew rich and the rest of the world lagged behind as modern industrialization took hold in the 19th century. The literature has focused heavily on...
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Keywords:
Globalization;
Growth and Development;
History;
Africa;
Asia;
Europe;
Latin America;
Middle East;
North and Central America;
Oceania
Jones, Geoffrey. "The Great Divergence and the Great Convergence." Chap. 37 in The Routledge Companion to the Makers of Global Business, edited by Teresa da Silva Lopes, Christina Lubinski, and Heidi J.S. Tworek, 578–592. New York: Routledge, 2019.
- July 2019
- Case
Autonomous Vehicles: Smooth or Bumpy Ride Ahead?
By: Elie Ofek and Akhil Waghmare
In early 2019, transportation was set to undergo a major transformation with the advent of autonomous vehicles (AVs), also referred to as driverless cars, which were nearing completion from an R&D and testing phase. Yet many questions remained open regarding exactly...
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Keywords:
Transportation;
Technological Innovation;
Disruptive Innovation;
Transformation;
Technology Adoption;
Business Model;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Transportation Industry;
Auto Industry
Ofek, Elie, and Akhil Waghmare. "Autonomous Vehicles: Smooth or Bumpy Ride Ahead?" Harvard Business School Case 520-008, July 2019.
- Article
Frame Flexibility: The Role of Cognitive and Emotional Framing in Innovation Adoption by Incumbent Firms
By: Ryan Raffaelli, Mary Ann Glynn and Michael Tushman
Why do incumbent firms frequently reject nonincremental innovations? Beyond technical, structural, or economic factors, we propose an additional factor: the degree of the top management team's (TMT) frame flexibility, i.e., their capability to cognitively expand an...
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Keywords:
Innovation Adoption;
Cognition;
Framing;
Emotional Resonance;
Incumbent Inertia;
Innovation and Invention;
Technology Adoption;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Change Management
Raffaelli, Ryan, Mary Ann Glynn, and Michael Tushman. "Frame Flexibility: The Role of Cognitive and Emotional Framing in Innovation Adoption by Incumbent Firms." Strategic Management Journal 40, no. 7 (July 2019): 1013–1039.
- June 2019 (Revised February 2020)
- Case
Eric Hawkins Leading Agile Teams @ Digitally-Born AppFolio (A)
By: Tsedal Neeley, Paul Leonardi and Michael Norris
Eric Hawkins, director of engineering at AppFolio—a digital technology firm that offered cloud-based business software to small and medium sized companies—was shocked by an unusual request from his senior leadership team. Could Hawkins and one of his agile teams build...
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Keywords:
Values;
Agile;
Vision;
Corporate Culture;
Leadership;
Values and Beliefs;
Organizational Culture;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Digital Transformation;
Technology Industry;
United States;
California
Neeley, Tsedal, Paul Leonardi, and Michael Norris. "Eric Hawkins Leading Agile Teams @ Digitally-Born AppFolio (A)." Harvard Business School Case 419-066, June 2019. (Revised February 2020.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Why Do User Communities Matter for Strategy?
By: Sonali K. Shah and Frank Nagle
User communities represent a unique organizing structure for the exchange of ideas and knowledge. They are organizations composed primarily of users working collaboratively, voluntarily, and with minimal oversight to freely and openly develop and exchange knowledge...
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Keywords:
Strategic Management;
Knowledge Sharing;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Organizations;
Knowledge Use and Leverage;
Strategy
Shah, Sonali K., and Frank Nagle. "Why Do User Communities Matter for Strategy?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-126, June 2019.
- 2019
- Working Paper
The Gift of Global Talent: Innovation Policy and the Economy
By: William R. Kerr
Talent is the most precious resource for today’s knowledge-based economy, and a significant share of the U.S. skilled workforce in technology fields is foreign born. The United States has long held a leading position in attracting global talent, but the gap to other...
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Keywords:
Global Talent Flows;
Talent and Talent Management;
Global Range;
Immigration;
Policy;
Economy
Kerr, William R. "The Gift of Global Talent: Innovation Policy and the Economy." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-116, May 2019.
- April 2019 (Revised July 2019)
- Case
Aperture Investors
By: Krishna G. Palepu, George Serafeim and David Lane
Aperture Investors is a startup investment firm that seeks to disrupt the asset management industry through competitive differentiation by charging investors primarily when its portfolio managers outperform the marketplace. Headed by Wall Street veteran Peter Kraus and...
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Keywords:
Business Model;
Talent and Talent Management;
Investment;
Investment Funds;
Asset Management;
Recruitment;
Selection and Staffing;
Marketing Channels;
Emerging Markets;
Partners and Partnerships;
Motivation and Incentives;
Financial Services Industry
Palepu, Krishna G., George Serafeim, and David Lane. "Aperture Investors." Harvard Business School Case 119-053, April 2019. (Revised July 2019.)
- April 2019
- Case
Afterpay U.S.: The Omnichannel Dilemma
By: Antonio Moreno, Donald Ngwe and George Gonzalez
In 2018, Nick Molnar, the founder of the Australia-based online payment service Afterpay began its expansion to the U.S. market. The service had gained a loyal following in Australia by enabling customers to pay for online purchases through four interest-free...
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Keywords:
Omnichannel Retail;
Multi-sided Platforms;
Value Creation;
Business Model Innovation;
Fintech;
Digital Marketing;
Disruptive Innovation;
Business Startups;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Business Organization;
For-Profit Firms;
Change Management;
Customer Value and Value Chain;
Customer Relationship Management;
Customer Satisfaction;
Financing and Loans;
Microfinance;
Global Strategy;
Marketing Channels;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing Strategy;
Market Entry and Exit;
Digital Platforms;
Product Development;
Supply Chain Management;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Networks;
Network Effects;
Internet and the Web;
Financial Services Industry;
Retail Industry;
Technology Industry;
United States;
Australia
Moreno, Antonio, Donald Ngwe, and George Gonzalez. "Afterpay U.S.: The Omnichannel Dilemma." Harvard Business School Case 519-086, April 2019.