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All HBS Web
(811)
- Faculty Publications (139)
- 2012
- Chapter
Schumpeterian Competition and Diseconomies of Scope: Illustrations from the Histories of Microsoft and IBM
By: Timothy F. Bresnahan, Shane Greenstein and Rebecca M. Henderson
We address a longstanding question about the causes of creative destruction. Dominant incumbent firms, long successful in an existing technology, are often much less successful in new technological eras. This is puzzling, since a cursory analysis would suggest that...
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Keywords:
Technological Innovation;
Opportunities;
Competition;
Information Technology;
Innovation and Management;
Organizations;
Relationships;
Information Technology Industry
Bresnahan, Timothy F., Shane Greenstein, and Rebecca M. Henderson. "Schumpeterian Competition and Diseconomies of Scope: Illustrations from the Histories of Microsoft and IBM." In The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited, edited by Josh Lerner and Scott Stern. University of Chicago Press, 2012.
- December 2011 (Revised April 2013)
- Case
Brasil Foods
By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
In mid-2011, the management of Brasil Foods, a leading Brazilian branded foods producer and protein exporter, is evaluating strategies for international and domestic growth. The team has just received approval from Brazil's antitrust authorities to complete the merger...
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Keywords:
Global Strategy;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Brazil
Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Brasil Foods." Harvard Business School Case 512-013, December 2011. (Revised April 2013.)
- December 2011
- Article
Platform Envelopment
By: Thomas R. Eisenmann, Geoffrey Parker and Marshall Van Alstyne
Due to network effects and switching costs in platform markets, entrants generally must offer revolutionary functionality. We explore a second entry path that does not rely upon Schumpeterian innovation: platform envelopment. Through envelopment, a provider in one...
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Keywords:
Digital Platforms;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Economic Systems;
Development Economics;
Business or Company Management;
Business Strategy;
Network Effects;
Information Technology Industry;
Technology Industry
Eisenmann, Thomas R., Geoffrey Parker, and Marshall Van Alstyne. "Platform Envelopment." Strategic Management Journal 32, no. 12 (December 2011): 1270–1285.
- 2013
- Working Paper
The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying
By: William R. Kerr, William F. Lincoln and Prachi Mishra
We study the determinants of the dynamics of firm lobbying behavior using a panel data set covering 1998–2006. Our data exhibit three striking facts: (i) few firms lobby, (ii) lobbying status is strongly associated with firm size, and (iii) lobbying status is highly...
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Keywords:
Lobbying;
Political Economy;
H-1B;
Business Ventures;
Policy;
Government Legislation;
Immigration;
Business and Government Relations;
Research;
Prejudice and Bias
Kerr, William R., William F. Lincoln, and Prachi Mishra. "The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-034, October 2011. (Revised August 2013.)
- September 2011
- Supplement
Narayana Hrudayalaya Heart Hospital
By: Tarun Khanna and Tanya Bijlani
Narayana Hrudayalaya (NH) is one of the world's busiest heart hospitals, where surgeons perform 30-35 complex cardiac surgeries daily. With an average cost of $1,800 per surgery, the hospital treats patients at affordable prices, and does not turn away even the poorest...
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Keywords:
Buildings and Facilities;
Experience and Expertise;
Cost Management;
Insurance;
Health Care and Treatment;
Resource Allocation;
Time Management;
Emerging Markets;
Infrastructure;
Cooperative Ownership;
Quality;
Social Enterprise;
Health Industry;
Karnataka
Khanna, Tarun, and Tanya Bijlani. "Narayana Hrudayalaya Heart Hospital." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 712-802, September 2011.
- April 2011 (Revised September 2011)
- Case
BlackRock Solutions
By: Kenneth A. Froot and Scott Waggoner
The BlackRock Solutions case examines the different functions and economics of a global asset manager's value chain, with particular emphasis on the "money management" and the "investment systems platform" businesses. Students analyze why BlackRock decided to unbundle...
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Keywords:
Investment Management;
Strategic Vision;
Organizational Behavior;
Economies Of Scale And Scope;
Unbundling Of Services;
Strategic Planning;
Risk Management;
Financial Management;
Asset Management;
Competitive Advantage;
Value;
Corporate Strategy;
Organizational Culture;
Investment;
Financial Strategy
Froot, Kenneth A., and Scott Waggoner. "BlackRock Solutions." Harvard Business School Case 211-082, April 2011. (Revised September 2011.)
- December 2010
- Article
Organising Response to Extreme Emergencies: The Victorian Bushfires of 2009
By: Dutch Leonard and Arnold M. Howitt
How can people and organisations best respond to emergency events that are significantly beyond the boundaries of what they had generally anticipated, expected, prepared for-or even imagined? What forms of organisations are likely to be best able to cope with such...
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Keywords:
Organizations;
Management Practices and Processes;
Natural Disasters;
Crisis Management;
Boundaries;
United States
Leonard, Dutch, and Arnold M. Howitt. "Organising Response to Extreme Emergencies: The Victorian Bushfires of 2009." Australian Journal of Public Administration 69, no. 4 (December 2010).
- March 2010
- Article
The Role of Independent Invention in U.S. Technological Development, 1880-1930
By: Tom Nicholas
Why did independent inventors account for over half of US patents by 1930 and more than three times the number granted to R&D firms? Using new data on patents and historical patent citations, I show that independents supplied high quality innovations to a...
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Keywords:
History;
Technological Innovation;
Patents;
Urban Scope;
Independent Innovation and Invention;
Research and Development;
United States
Nicholas, Tom. "The Role of Independent Invention in U.S. Technological Development, 1880-1930." Journal of Economic History 70, no. 1 (March 2010).
- 2010
- Book
Unilever'i Yenilemek: Dönüşüm ve Gelenek [Renewing Unilever: Transformation and Tradition]
By: Geoffrey Jones
Unilever's brands can now be found in one out of every two households in the world. This arresting and impressive fact shows the scope and scale of this unique global corporation. Geoffrey Jones, a leading business historian from the Harvard Business School, takes us...
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Keywords:
Business History;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Corporate Strategy;
Organizational Culture;
Globalization;
Brands and Branding;
Consumer Products Industry
Jones, Geoffrey. Unilever'i Yenilemek: Dönüşüm ve Gelenek [Renewing Unilever: Transformation and Tradition]. Istanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 2010, Turkish ed.
- January 2010 (Revised March 2011)
- Case
Ben Bernanke: Person of the Year?
By: Lakshmi Iyer and Matthew C. Weinzierl
In response to the economic and financial crisis of 2008–2009, the Federal Reserve greatly expanded the scale and scope of its activities. Though lauded by many experts for its actions, the Fed and its chairman, Ben Bernanke, faced harsh criticism from some public...
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Keywords:
Financial Crisis;
Central Banking;
Governance Controls;
Policy;
Crisis Management;
Power and Influence;
Public Administration Industry;
United States
Iyer, Lakshmi, and Matthew C. Weinzierl. "Ben Bernanke: Person of the Year?" Harvard Business School Case 710-051, January 2010. (Revised March 2011.)
- January 2010 (Revised August 2010)
- Background Note
Advanced Leadership Note: An Institutional Perspective and Framework for Managing and Leading
By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Rakesh Khurana
Large-scale societal issues increasingly appear on the agenda of business leaders, including poverty, health, education, business-government relations, and the degradation of the environment. These problems are not entirely new, but the forces of globalization and the...
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Keywords:
Change Management;
Framework;
Global Range;
Leadership;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Social Enterprise;
Social Issues;
Complexity
Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Rakesh Khurana. "Advanced Leadership Note: An Institutional Perspective and Framework for Managing and Leading." Harvard Business School Background Note 410-076, January 2010. (Revised August 2010.)
- September 2009 (Revised November 2010)
- Case
Endeavor: Creating a Global Movement for High-Impact Entrepreneurship
This case describes a critical inflection point in the growth of an international development "mentor capitalist" nonprofit, Endeavor. As Endeavor aims to scale its high-impact entrepreneurship model globally, founder Linda Rottenberg must determine what success looks...
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Keywords:
Developing Countries and Economies;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Global Strategy;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Jordan
Sahlman, William A. "Endeavor: Creating a Global Movement for High-Impact Entrepreneurship." Harvard Business School Case 810-049, September 2009. (Revised November 2010.)
- April 2009
- Case
The First Global Financial Crisis of the 21st Century
By: Laura Alfaro and Renee Kim
The global economy was expected to suffer from negative growth for the full year in 2009, a phenomenon not seen since World War II. While the U.S. subprime mortgage disaster was blamed as the original instigator, it was noted that the "global imbalances" of the U.S....
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Keywords:
Financial Crisis;
Mortgages;
Globalized Economies and Regions;
Policy;
International Relations;
Business and Government Relations;
Conflict and Resolution
Alfaro, Laura, and Renee Kim. "The First Global Financial Crisis of the 21st Century." Harvard Business School Case 709-057, April 2009.
- 2009
- Working Paper
Broadening Focus: Spillovers, Complementarities and Specialization in the Hospital Industry
By: Jonathan R. Clark and Robert S. Huckman
The long-standing argument that focused operations outperform others stands in contrast to claims about the benefits of broader operational scope. The performance benefits of focus are typically attributed to reduced complexity, lower uncertainty, and the development...
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Keywords:
Health Care and Treatment;
Medical Specialties;
Performance Capacity;
Diversification;
Health Industry
Clark, Jonathan R., and Robert S. Huckman. "Broadening Focus: Spillovers, Complementarities and Specialization in the Hospital Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-120, April 2009. (Revised April 2011.)
- 2009
- Chapter
Constructivism as an Approach to International Political Economy
By: Rawi Abdelal
This Handbook gives an overview of the range and scope of International Political Economy (IPE) scholarship by mapping the different regional schools of IPE and noting the distinctive way IPE is practiced and conceptualized around the world. The Handbook examines, in a...
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Keywords:
Development Economics;
Trade;
Higher Education;
Globalized Economies and Regions;
Government and Politics
Abdelal, Rawi. "Constructivism as an Approach to International Political Economy." In Handbook of International Political Economy, edited by Mark Blyth, 57–71. London: Routledge, 2009.
- 2008
- Working Paper
International Financial Integration and Entrepreneurial Firm Activity
By: Laura Alfaro and Andrew Charlton
We explore the relation between international financial integration and the level of entrepreneurial activity in a country. We use a unique firm-level data set in a broad sample of developed and developing countries, which enables us to present both cross-country and...
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Keywords:
International Financial Integration;
Capital Mobility;
Firm Entry;
Capital Controls;
Finance;
Integration;
Global Range;
Capital;
Entrepreneurship;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Developing Countries and Economies
Alfaro, Laura, and Andrew Charlton. "International Financial Integration and Entrepreneurial Firm Activity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 07-012, August 2006. (Also NBER Working Paper No. 13118. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 13118, May 2007)
- 2007
- Working Paper
Platform Envelopment
By: Thomas Eisenmann, Geoffrey Parker and Marshall Van Alstyne
Due to network effects and switching costs in platform markets, entrants generally must offer revolutionary functionality. We explore a second entry path that does not rely upon Schumpeterian innovation: platform envelopment. Through envelopment, a provider in one...
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Eisenmann, Thomas, Geoffrey Parker, and Marshall Van Alstyne. "Platform Envelopment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 07-104, June 2007. (Revised September 2008, October 2009, July 2010.)
- July 2006
- Article
Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pankaj Ghemawat
This paper analyzes a dynamic mixed duopoly in which a profit-maximizing competitor interacts with a competitor that prices at zero (or marginal cost), with the cumulation of output affecting their relative positions over time. The modeling effort is motivated by...
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Keywords:
Open Source Software;
Demand-side Learning;
Network Effects;
Linux;
Mixed Duopoly;
Competitive Dynamics;
Business Models;
Duopoly and Oligopoly;
Information Technology;
Applications and Software;
Business Model;
Mathematical Methods;
Digital Platforms;
Profit;
Balance and Stability;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques;
SWOT Analysis;
Competition;
Price;
Information Technology Industry
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Pankaj Ghemawat. "Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows." Management Science 52, no. 7 (July 2006): 1072–1084.
- March 2006
- Case
The Whitesides Lab
By: H. Kent Bowen and Francesca Gino
A significant part of the long-term economic growth in developed economies depends on the translation of scientific research into new products and processes. Focuses on the front end of this value creation stream. The laboratory of George Whitesides has a 30-year...
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Keywords:
Research;
Performance Productivity;
Economic Growth;
Infrastructure;
Creativity;
Groups and Teams;
Value Creation;
Factories, Labs, and Plants;
Leadership;
Resource Allocation
Bowen, H. Kent, and Francesca Gino. "The Whitesides Lab." Harvard Business School Case 606-064, March 2006.
- February 2005 (Revised June 2007)
- Case
Unilever in India: Hindustan Lever's Project Shakti--Marketing FMCG to the Rural Consumer
By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Rohithari Rajan
With liberalization of India's economy and the opening up of markets to foreign multinationals such as Procter & Gamble, the Indian subsidiary of Unilever--Hindustan Lever Ltd. (HLL)--was under pressure to grow revenues and profits. HLL had a long and stellar record of...
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Keywords:
Economy;
Market Entry and Exit;
Business Subsidiaries;
Revenue;
Profit;
Market Participation;
Programs;
Rural Scope;
Poverty;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
India
Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Rohithari Rajan. "Unilever in India: Hindustan Lever's Project Shakti--Marketing FMCG to the Rural Consumer." Harvard Business School Case 505-056, February 2005. (Revised June 2007.)