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All HBS Web
(4,952)
- People (9)
- News (721)
- Research (3,263)
- Events (8)
- Multimedia (9)
- Faculty Publications (2,016)
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- April 2003
- Article
Exploitation, Exploration, and Process Management: The Productivity Dilemma Revisited
By: Mary J. Benner and Michael L. Tushman
We develop a contingency view of process management's influence on both technological
innovation and organizational adaptation. We argue that while process management
activities are beneficial for organizations in stable contexts, they are fundamentally
inconsistent...
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Benner, Mary J., and Michael L. Tushman. "Exploitation, Exploration, and Process Management: The Productivity Dilemma Revisited." Academy of Management Review 28, no. 2 (April 2003): 238–256. (Winner of Academy of Management Review. Best Paper Award. Also the 2013 AMR Decade Award winner.)
- September 1996 (Revised March 2002)
- Background Note
Project Management Manual
By: H. Kent Bowen
A descriptive manual for how to manage the process of project management. Major sections are: 1) define and organize the project, 2) plan the project, and 3) track and manage the project. 12 processes are described in detail.
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Bowen, H. Kent. "Project Management Manual." Harvard Business School Background Note 697-034, September 1996. (Revised March 2002.)
- January 2012 (Revised March 2013)
- Case
Ctrip: Scientifically Managing Travel Services
By: David A. Garvin and Nancy Hua Dai
Ctrip is a $437 million Chinese on-line travel services company with a scientific, data driven approach to management. The case explores Ctrip's founding and early growth, its expansion into multiple market segments including hotel reservations, air ticketing, leisure...
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Keywords:
Scientific Management;
Data-driven Management;
Management;
Expansion;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Market Entry and Exit;
Mathematical Methods;
Business Processes;
Information Management;
Travel Industry;
China
Garvin, David A., and Nancy Hua Dai. "Ctrip: Scientifically Managing Travel Services." Harvard Business School Case 312-092, January 2012. (Revised March 2013.)
- December 1991 (Revised October 1998)
- Case
Eli Lilly and Co.: Manufacturing Process Technology Strategy--1991
By: Gary P. Pisano, Steven C. Wheelwright and Jonathan West
Outlines the evolution of Lilly's corporate manufacturing strategy over the past decade. The corporate vice president of manufacturing must decide on the next phase of Lilly's strategy for the early 1990s, as well as to what extent and what role process development...
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Keywords:
Cost vs Benefits;
Management Practices and Processes;
Industry Structures;
Product Development;
Production;
Research and Development;
Competitive Advantage;
Corporate Strategy;
Manufacturing Industry
Pisano, Gary P., Steven C. Wheelwright, and Jonathan West. "Eli Lilly and Co.: Manufacturing Process Technology Strategy--1991." Harvard Business School Case 692-056, December 1991. (Revised October 1998.)
- September 1987
- Background Note
Basic Issues in the Process of Formulating Strategy, Setting Goals, and Managing Standards of Performance
By: James L. Heskett
Heskett, James L. "Basic Issues in the Process of Formulating Strategy, Setting Goals, and Managing Standards of Performance." Harvard Business School Background Note 388-036, September 1987.
- July 2016
- Case
Product Portfolio Management at Genentech
By: Kevin Schulman and Jamie Gresh
Genentech, long the darling of the biotechnology industry, was acquired by Swiss pharmaceutical company Roche in 2009. The combined company retains the name Genentech in the US, but must now move to achieve the promises made at the time of this merger—to build from...
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Keywords:
Portfolio Management;
Drug Development;
Postmerger Integration;
Marketing Strategy;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Integration;
Biotechnology Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States
Schulman, Kevin, and Jamie Gresh. "Product Portfolio Management at Genentech." Harvard Business School Case 317-012, July 2016.
- Article
The Impact of Project Portfolio Management on Information Technology Projects
By: Bert De Reyck, Yael Grushka-Cockayne, Martin Lockett, Sergio Ricardo Calderini, Marcio Moura and Andrew Sloper
The ever-increasing penetration of projects as a way to organise work in many organisations necessitates effective management of multiple projects. This has resulted in a greater interest in the processes of project portfolio management (PPM), with more and more...
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Keywords:
Project Portfolio Management;
Information Technology;
Projects;
Management Practices and Processes;
Performance Improvement
De Reyck, Bert, Yael Grushka-Cockayne, Martin Lockett, Sergio Ricardo Calderini, Marcio Moura, and Andrew Sloper. "The Impact of Project Portfolio Management on Information Technology Projects." International Journal of Project Management 23, no. 7 (October 2005): 524–537.
- September 1993 (Revised August 2011)
- Supplement
ExtendSim® Simulation Exercises in Process Analysis, User's Guide
By: Roy D. Shapiro and Ann E. Gray
Designed to be used with ExtendSim Simulation Exercises in Process Analysis (A) and (B). Unadvertised per Case Records.
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Keywords:
Management Practices and Processes
Shapiro, Roy D., and Ann E. Gray. "ExtendSim® Simulation Exercises in Process Analysis, User's Guide." Harvard Business School Supplement 694-043, September 1993. (Revised August 2011.)
- September 2006 (Revised August 2008)
- Module Note
Assessing Your Organization's Capabilities: Resources, Processes and Priorities
By: Clayton M. Christensen and Stephen P. Kaufman
Summarizes a model that helps managers determine what sorts of initiatives an organization is capable and incapable of managing successfully. The factors that affect what an organizational unit can and cannot accomplish can be grouped as resources, processes, and the...
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Keywords:
Business Model;
Experience and Expertise;
Innovation and Management;
Business Processes;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure;
Mathematical Methods
Christensen, Clayton M., and Stephen P. Kaufman. "Assessing Your Organization's Capabilities: Resources, Processes and Priorities." Harvard Business School Module Note 607-014, September 2006. (Revised August 2008.)
- July 2018 (Revised June 2020)
- Case
The Boston Cranberry Company
By: Alan MacCormack
This case describes the operations of a fictitious company that processes Cranberries. The case contains data that allows students to calculate the bottleneck stage in production, and to evaluate alternative investment options for increasing cranberry processing...
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Keywords:
Process Analysis;
Plant Management;
Operations;
Production;
Management;
Analysis;
Performance Capacity;
Investment
MacCormack, Alan. "The Boston Cranberry Company." Harvard Business School Case 619-009, July 2018. (Revised June 2020.)
- 2014
- Working Paper
The New Empirical Economics of Management
By: Nicholas Bloom, Renata Lemos, Raffaella Sadun, Daniela Scur and John Van Reenen
Over the last decade the World Management Survey (WMS) has collected firm-level management practices data across multiple sectors and countries. We developed the survey to try to explain the large and persistent TFP differences across firms and countries. This review...
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Keywords:
Management;
Organization;
Productivity;
Management Practices and Processes;
Performance Productivity;
Microeconomics
Bloom, Nicholas, Renata Lemos, Raffaella Sadun, Daniela Scur, and John Van Reenen. "The New Empirical Economics of Management." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-111, April 2014. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 20102, April 2014.)
- October 1987 (Revised January 1989)
- Background Note
Purchasing a Business: The Search Process
Describes the steps necessary to purchase a small to medium size company. Provides an eight-part analytical framework. Issues covered in the framework include the following: the self-assessment, deal criteria, deal sources, resources necessary to purchase a business,...
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Keywords:
Acquisition;
Framework;
Resource Allocation;
Negotiation Deal;
Business Processes;
Valuation
Roberts, Michael J. "Purchasing a Business: The Search Process." Harvard Business School Background Note 388-044, October 1987. (Revised January 1989.)
- November–December 2019
- Article
Pivoting Isn't Enough? Managing Strategic Reorientation in New Ventures
By: Rory McDonald and Cheng Gao
New ventures often experience deviations from their plans that oblige them to reorient in pursuit of better fit between their evolving products and their target customers. Yet research is largely silent on how managers explain such changes and justify their ventures in...
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Keywords:
Strategic Reorientation;
Technology Entrepreneurship;
Innovation;
Product Development Processes;
Organizational Adaptation;
Qualitative Methods (General);
Entrepreneurship;
Information Technology;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Strategy;
Innovation and Invention;
Product Development;
Communication Strategy
McDonald, Rory, and Cheng Gao. "Pivoting Isn't Enough? Managing Strategic Reorientation in New Ventures." Organization Science 30, no. 6 (November–December 2019): 1289–1318.
- March 2010 (Revised February 2011)
- Case
Cognizant 2.0: Embedding Community and Knowledge Into Work Processes
By: Robert G. Eccles and Thomas H. Davenport
Knowledge management has been a high priority for Cognizant Technology Solutions since its inception since its global delivery model requires the global sharing of knowledge. Its first major tool was called the Knowledge Management Appliance but as Web 2.0 tools came...
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Keywords:
Knowledge Management;
Knowledge Sharing;
Knowledge Use and Leverage;
Product Development;
Service Delivery;
Business Processes;
Organizational Structure;
Cooperation;
Information Technology Industry
Eccles, Robert G., and Thomas H. Davenport. "Cognizant 2.0: Embedding Community and Knowledge Into Work Processes." Harvard Business School Case 410-084, March 2010. (Revised February 2011.)
- 2017
- Article
Making Transparency Transparent: The Evolution of Observation in Management Theory
By: Ethan Bernstein
Observation is key to management scholarship and practice. Yet a holistic view of its role in management has been elusive, in part due to shifting terminology. The current popularity of the term “transparency” provides the occasion for a thorough review, which finds...
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Keywords:
Transparency;
Privacy;
Observation;
Tracking;
Monitoring;
Surveillance;
Learning;
Control;
Disclosure;
Process Visibility;
Organizations;
Theory;
Information Technology;
Relationships;
Measurement and Metrics;
Management Practices and Processes;
Leadership;
Law;
Knowledge;
Human Resources;
Communication
Bernstein, Ethan. "Making Transparency Transparent: The Evolution of Observation in Management Theory." Academy of Management Annals 11, no. 1 (2017): 217–266.
- November 1995
- Background Note
Business Process Reengineering: Its Past, Present, and Possible Future
Explores the origins of reengineering; its evolution during the 1980s and 1990s; the current state of reengineering, which is prevalent in business today; and several possible futures of reengineering, specifically in relation to process management, knowledge work, and...
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Davenport, Thomas H. "Business Process Reengineering: Its Past, Present, and Possible Future." Harvard Business School Background Note 196-082, November 1995.
- June 2014
- Case
The Promotion Process at Chung and Dasgupta, LLP
By: Ian Larkin and Karen Huang
The "Promotion Process at Chung and Dasgupta, LLP" set of cases explores the roles of general and firm-specific human capital in employee performance measurement, feedback, and promotion/compensation decisions. In the cases, a leading law firm must decide whether to...
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Keywords:
Performance Appraisal;
Performance Measurement;
Employee Feedback;
Motivation;
Promotions;
Human Capital;
Performance Evaluation;
Management Systems;
Compensation and Benefits;
Retention;
Legal Services Industry;
United States;
Massachusetts
Larkin, Ian, and Karen Huang. "The Promotion Process at Chung and Dasgupta, LLP." Harvard Business School Case 914-044, June 2014.
- January 1995 (Revised January 1995)
- Case
USAA: Business Process Review for the Great Lakes Region (Abridged)
By: James L. Heskett
Presents the results of a service process analysis of USAA's claims processing activity in its Great Lakes Region. Explores not only issues of redesigning the process but also the organizational implications of various alternatives.
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Keywords:
Restructuring;
Mortgages;
Management Practices and Processes;
Business Processes;
Organizational Design;
Mathematical Methods;
Real Estate Industry;
North America
Heskett, James L. "USAA: Business Process Review for the Great Lakes Region (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 395-026, January 1995. (Revised January 1995.)