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    • All HBS Web  (1,840)
      • Faculty Publications  (172)

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      • September 2017
      • Article

      The Belief in a Favorable Future

      By: Todd Rogers, Don A. Moore and Michael I. Norton
      People believe that future others’ preferences and beliefs will change to align with their own. People holding a particular view (e.g., support of President Trump) are more likely to believe that future others will share their view than to believe that future others... View Details
      Keywords: Social Cognition; Judgment; Prediction; Forecasting; False Consensus; Donation; Open Data; Open Materials; Preregistered; Forecasting and Prediction; Perception; Values and Beliefs; Behavior
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      Rogers, Todd, Don A. Moore, and Michael I. Norton. "The Belief in a Favorable Future." Psychological Science 28, no. 9 (September 2017): 1290–1301.
      • June 2017
      • Article

      Creating Reciprocal Value Through Operational Transparency

      By: Ryan W. Buell, Tami Kim and Chia-Jung Tsay
      We investigate whether organizations can create value by introducing visual transparency between consumers and producers. Although operational transparency has been shown to improve consumer perceptions of service value, existing theory posits that increased contact... View Details
      Keywords: Operational Transparency; Service Management; Production Management; Organizational Performance; Behavioral Operations; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Consumer Behavior; Labor; Organizational Design; Operations; Service Industry; United States; Kenya
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      Buell, Ryan W., Tami Kim, and Chia-Jung Tsay. "Creating Reciprocal Value Through Operational Transparency." Management Science 63, no. 6 (June 2017): 1673–1695.
      • 2019
      • Chapter

      Markets as Networks: The Dynamics and Implications of Interorganizational Network Structures

      By: Ranjay Gulati and Maxim Sytch
      We discuss existing research that applies a relational, socio-structural lens to studying organizations and markets. Research in this field has described markets first and foremost as networks of enduring relationships and repeated interactions among organizations. We... View Details
      Keywords: Interorganizatonal Relationships; Social Networks; Networks; Markets
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      Gulati, Ranjay, and Maxim Sytch. "Markets as Networks: The Dynamics and Implications of Interorganizational Network Structures." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management. Continuously updated edition, edited by Mie Augier and David J. Teece. Palgrave Macmillan, 2019. Electronic. (Pre-published, October 2013 and updated in 2014.)
      • May 2017
      • Article

      Behavioral Processes in Long-Lag Interventions

      By: Dale T. Miller, Jennifer E. Dannals and Julian Zlatev
      We argue that psychologists who conduct experiments with long lags between the manipulation and the outcome measure should pay more attention to behavioral processes that intervene between the manipulation and the outcome measure. Neglect of such processes, we contend,... View Details
      Keywords: Field Experiments; Interventions; Behavioral Mediation; Theories Of Change; Longitudinal Studies; Behavior; Research; Change; Theory
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      Miller, Dale T., Jennifer E. Dannals, and Julian Zlatev. "Behavioral Processes in Long-Lag Interventions." Perspectives on Psychological Science 12, no. 3 (May 2017): 454–467.
      • Article

      Understanding Boards of Directors: A Systems Perspective

      By: Jay W. Lorsch
      In this essay, my goal is to explore why, despite the tireless efforts of talented people, research on corporate governance has been slow and uneven, and where that research should turn to next to be most valuable to practitioners. My belief is that the most fruitful... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Boards; Business Admnistration; Social Systems; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; System
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      Lorsch, Jay W. "Understanding Boards of Directors: A Systems Perspective." Annals of Corporate Governance 2, no. 1 (February 2017): 1–49.
      • 2016
      • Chapter

      Nudging as a Tool for Leaders

      By: Max Bazerman
      BOOK ABSTRACT: Jewish organizational life is inundated with publications on organizational change and effective leadership, but from mutually exclusive sources: business and organizational studies, on the one hand, and Jewish studies, on the other. One addresses... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Strategy; Leadership; Civil Society or Community; Religion; Business and Community Relations
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      Bazerman, Max. "Nudging as a Tool for Leaders." In More Than Managing: The Relentless Pursuit of Effective Jewish Leadership, edited by Lawrence A. Hoffman. Jewish Lights Publishing, 2016.
      • Article

      Selfishly Benevolent or Benevolently Selfish? When Self-interest Undermines versus Promotes Prosocial Behavior

      By: Julian Zlatev and Dale T. Miller
      Existing research shows that appeals to self-interest sometimes increase and sometimes decrease prosocial behavior. We propose that this inconsistency is in part due to the framings of these appeals. Different framings generate different salient reference points,... View Details
      Keywords: Altruism; Charitable Giving; Framing; Prosocial Behavior; Reference Points; Self-interest; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Framework; Behavior
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      Zlatev, Julian, and Dale T. Miller. "Selfishly Benevolent or Benevolently Selfish? When Self-interest Undermines versus Promotes Prosocial Behavior." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 137 (November 2016): 112–122.
      • Fall 2016
      • Article

      The Impact of Supplier Inventory Service Level on Retailer Demand

      By: Nathan Craig, Nicole DeHoratius and Ananth Raman
      To set inventory service levels, suppliers must understand how changes in inventory service level affect demand. We build on prior research, which uses analytical models and laboratory experiments to study the impact of a supplier’s service level on demand from... View Details
      Keywords: Demand and Consumers; Service Delivery; Supply Chain; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Retail Industry
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      Craig, Nathan, Nicole DeHoratius, and Ananth Raman. "The Impact of Supplier Inventory Service Level on Retailer Demand." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 18, no. 4 (Fall 2016): 461–474.
      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      More Effective Sports Sponsorship—Combining and Integrating Key Resources and Capabilities of International Sports Events and Their Major Sponsors

      By: Ragnar Lund and Stephen A. Greyser
      Organizations in the field of sports are becoming increasingly dependent on sponsors for their value creation and growth. Studies suggest that sports organizations (rights-holders) often fail to exploit the full potential of such sponsorship partnerships. The aim of... View Details
      Keywords: Sponsorship; "Sports Organizations,; Case Study; Europe; Business Relationships; Collaborative Marketing; Value Co-creation; Relationship Portfolio Management; Value Creation; Cases; Marketing; Sports; Sports Industry; Europe
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      Lund, Ragnar, and Stephen A. Greyser. "More Effective Sports Sponsorship—Combining and Integrating Key Resources and Capabilities of International Sports Events and Their Major Sponsors." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-139, June 2016.
      • Article

      Gathering Data for Archival, Field, Survey, and Experimental Accounting Research

      By: Robert Bloomfield, Mark W. Nelson and Eugene F. Soltes
      In the published proceedings of the first Journal of Accounting Research Conference, Vatter (1966) lamented that “Gathering direct and original facts is a tedious and difficult task, and it is not surprising that such work is avoided.” For the 50th JAR Conference,... View Details
      Keywords: Archival; Data; Experiment; Empirical Methods; Field Study; Analytics and Data Science; Surveys; Financial Reporting
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      Bloomfield, Robert, Mark W. Nelson, and Eugene F. Soltes. "Gathering Data for Archival, Field, Survey, and Experimental Accounting Research." Journal of Accounting Research 54, no. 2 (May 2016): 341–395.
      • Spring 2016
      • Article

      Performance Responses to Competition Across Skill-Levels in Rank Order Tournaments: Field Evidence and Implications for Tournament Design

      By: Kevin J. Boudreau, Karim R. Lakhani and Michael E. Menietti
      Tournaments are widely used in the economy to organize production and innovation. We study individual contestant-level data from 2,796 contestants in 774 software algorithm design contests with random assignment. Precisely conforming to theory predictions, the... View Details
      Keywords: Competition; Innovation Strategy
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      Boudreau, Kevin J., Karim R. Lakhani, and Michael E. Menietti. "Performance Responses to Competition Across Skill-Levels in Rank Order Tournaments: Field Evidence and Implications for Tournament Design." RAND Journal of Economics 47, no. 1 (Spring 2016): 140–165.
      • 2016
      • Book

      Revolutionizing Innovation: Users, Communities, and Open Innovation

      By: Dietmar Harhoff and Karim R. Lakhani
      The last two decades have witnessed an extraordinary growth of new models of managing and organizing the innovation process, which emphasize users over producers. Large parts of the knowledge economy now routinely rely on users, communities, and open innovation... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation and Management; Transformation; Collaborative Innovation and Invention
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      Harhoff, Dietmar and Karim R. Lakhani, eds. Revolutionizing Innovation: Users, Communities, and Open Innovation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016.
      • Article

      The Corporate Brand Identity and Reputation Matrix—The Case of the Nobel Prize

      By: Mats Urde and Stephen A. Greyser
      The purpose of this article is to explore corporate brand identity and reputation, with the aim of integrating them into a single managerial framework. The Nobel Prize serves as an in-depth field-based case study and is analysed using the Corporate Brand Identity and... View Details
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      Urde, Mats, and Stephen A. Greyser. "The Corporate Brand Identity and Reputation Matrix—The Case of the Nobel Prize." Journal of Brand Management 23, no. 1 (January 2016): 89–117.
      • October 2015
      • Article

      The Multinational Firm and Geopolitics: Europe, Russian Energy, and Power

      By: Rawi Abdelal
      Multinational firms unavoidably exert influence over politics through power that is generated by both structure and process. While both political economy and management scholars address international firms, neither field has an adequate understanding of the reciprocal... View Details
      Keywords: Multinational Firms and Management; Government and Politics; Economics; Europe; Russia
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      Abdelal, Rawi. "The Multinational Firm and Geopolitics: Europe, Russian Energy, and Power." Business and Politics 17, no. 3 (October 2015): 553–576.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      The Wisdom of Crowds in Operations: Forecasting Using Prediction Markets

      By: Achal Bassamboo, Ruomeng Cui and Antonio Moreno
      Prediction is an important activity in various business processes, but it becomes difficult when historical information is not available, such as forecasting demand of a new product. One approach that can be applied in such situations is to crowdsource opinions from... View Details
      Keywords: Wisdom Of Crowds; Demand Forecasting; Price Forecasting; Forecasting and Prediction; Social and Collaborative Networks; Size; Performance
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      Bassamboo, Achal, Ruomeng Cui, and Antonio Moreno. "The Wisdom of Crowds in Operations: Forecasting Using Prediction Markets." Working Paper, 2019.
      • September 2015 (Revised March 2025)
      • Technical Note

      FIELD Global Capstone: Developing Customer Empathy

      By: Jill Avery
      The Design Thinking process begins with empathizing with potential customers. Empathizing, being aware of, interpreting, and understanding the thoughts of others, as well as being able to vicariously experience them oneself, requires the careful and deliberate study of... View Details
      Keywords: Market Research; Design Thinking; Customer Behavior; Ethnography; Interviews; Surveys; A/B Testing; Experimentation; Marketing; Customer Focus and Relationships; Consumer Behavior; Demand and Consumers
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      Avery, Jill. "FIELD Global Capstone: Developing Customer Empathy." Harvard Business School Technical Note 316-082, September 2015. (Revised March 2025.)
      • May–June 2015
      • Article

      Back to the Future: Implications for the Field of HRM of the Multi-stakeholder Perspective Proposed 30 Years Ago

      By: Michael Beer, Paul Boselie and Chris Brewster
      Thirty years on from the seminal work Managing Human Assets (MHA) by Beer et al., we examine how the subject has developed. We offer a normative review, based on that model, and we critique the assumption that the business of HRM is solely to improve returns to owners... View Details
      Keywords: Management; Human Resources
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      Beer, Michael, Paul Boselie, and Chris Brewster. "Back to the Future: Implications for the Field of HRM of the Multi-stakeholder Perspective Proposed 30 Years Ago." Human Resource Management 54, no. 3 (May–June 2015): 427–438.
      • Winter 2015
      • Article

      When One Size Doesn't Fit All: Evolving Directions in the Research and Practice of Enterprise Risk Management

      By: Anette Mikes and Robert S. Kaplan
      Enterprise risk management (ERM) has become a crucial component of contemporary corporate governance reforms, with an abundance of principles, guidelines, and standards. This paper portrays ERM as an evolving discipline and presents empirical findings on its current... View Details
      Keywords: Contingency Theory; Grounded Research; Risk Management; Customization and Personalization
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      Mikes, Anette, and Robert S. Kaplan. "When One Size Doesn't Fit All: Evolving Directions in the Research and Practice of Enterprise Risk Management." Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 27, no. 1 (Winter 2015): 37–40.
      • Article

      Positioning Brands Against Large Competitors to Increase Sales

      By: Neeru Paharia, Jill Avery and Anat Keinan
      We explore the effect of having a large dominant competitor and show the conditions under which focusing on a competitive threat, rather than hiding it, can actually help a brand. We demonstrate through lab and field studies that highlighting a large competitor's size... View Details
      Keywords: Brands; Brand Management; Brand Positioning; Competitive Positioning; Brands and Branding; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Consumer Products Industry; Retail Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Air Transportation Industry; United States
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      Paharia, Neeru, Jill Avery, and Anat Keinan. "Positioning Brands Against Large Competitors to Increase Sales." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 51, no. 6 (December 2014): 647–656. (Lead article.)
      • December 2014
      • Article

      Rethink What You 'Know' about High-Achieving Women

      By: Robin Ely, Pamela Stone and Colleen Ammerman
      On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the admission of women to Harvard Business School's MBA program, the authors, who have spent more than 20 years studying professional women, set out to learn what HBS graduates had to say about work and family and how their... View Details
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      Ely, Robin, Pamela Stone, and Colleen Ammerman. "Rethink What You 'Know' about High-Achieving Women." R1412G. Harvard Business Review 92, no. 12 (December 2014): 101–109.
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