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  • August 2015 (Revised June 2021)
  • Case

Amazon.com, 2021

By: John R. Wells, Benjamin Weinstock, Gabriel Ellsworth and Galen Danskin
In February 2021, Amazon announced 2020 operating profits of $22,899 million, up from $2,233 million in 2015, on sales of $386 billion, up from $107 billion five years earlier (see Exhibit 1). The shareholders expressed their satisfaction (see Exhibit 2), but not all... View Details
Keywords: Strategic Analysis; Retail; E-commerce; Amazon; Internet; Amazon.com; AmazonFresh; Jeff Bezos; Cloud Computing; Marketplaces; Streaming; E-reader Market; Digital Media; Mobile App; Online Retail; Shipping; Database; Tablet; Kindle; Kindle Fire; Smartphone; Delivery; Digital Platforms; Competition; Internet and the Web; Corporate Strategy; Digital Marketing; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; Business Organization; For-Profit Firms; Film Entertainment; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Music Entertainment; Television Entertainment; Profit; Revenue; Global Strategy; Multinational Firms and Management; Taxation; Business History; Human Resources; Resignation and Termination; Books; Human Capital; Working Conditions; Business or Company Management; Goals and Objectives; Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Management Practices and Processes; Industry Growth; Industry Structures; Media; Distribution; Distribution Channels; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Infrastructure; Logistics; Product Development; Supply Chain; Supply Chain Management; Organizational Culture; Public Ownership; Work-Life Balance; Problems and Challenges; Labor and Management Relations; Strategy; Adaptation; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Diversification; Expansion; Integration; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Information Infrastructure; Information Technology; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Price; Applications and Software; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Working Capital; Customer Focus and Relationships; Customer Value and Value Chain; Retail Industry; Advertising Industry; Distribution Industry; Electronics Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Information Technology Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; Music Industry; Publishing Industry; Shipping Industry; Technology Industry; Video Game Industry; Web Services Industry; United States; Washington (state, US); Seattle
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  • 23 Apr 2013
  • First Look

First Look: April 23

financial crisis of 2008 laid bare the hidden network of relationships in corporate governance: who owes what to whom, who will stand by whom in times of crisis, what governs the provision of credit when no one seems to have credit. This... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • November 2017
  • Teaching Note

Tencent

By: John R. Wells and Gabriel Ellsworth
Teaching Note for HBS No. 718-426. Tencent had undergone many transformations since it was founded in 1998 as a simple messaging service. In 2017, it was the largest online games provider in China with a wide range of game types, China’s largest social networking... View Details
Keywords: Tencent; Tencent Holdings; WeChat; Social Networking; Social Networks; Gaming; Gaming Industry; Video Games; Computer Games; Mobile Gaming; Portals; Payments; Mobile Payments; O2O; Online-to-offline; E-commerce; Messaging; Subscription Model; Freemium; Mobile App Industry; Smartphone; PC; Monetization Strategy; Antitrust; Streaming; Cloud Computing; Artificial Intelligence; Big Data; Alibaba; Facebook; JD.com; Tesla; Bundling; Synergies; Digital Strategy; Imitation; Licensing; Agility; Entry Barriers; Online Platforms; Advertising; Digital Marketing; Business Ventures; Acquisition; Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Conglomerates; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Organization; For-Profit Firms; Joint Ventures; Restructuring; Communication Technology; Blogs; Interactive Communication; Interpersonal Communication; Entertainment; Film Entertainment; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Music Entertainment; Investment; Investment Portfolio; Price; Revenue; Geographic Scope; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Global Strategy; Multinational Firms and Management; Globalized Markets and Industries; Business History; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Business or Company Management; Goals and Objectives; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Positioning; Social Marketing; Network Effects; Market Entry and Exit; Digital Platforms; Industry Growth; Monopoly; Media; Distribution Channels; Service Delivery; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Structure; Public Ownership; Problems and Challenges; Business and Government Relations; Groups and Teams; Networks; Opportunities; Social and Collaborative Networks; Strategy; Adaptation; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Competition; Competitive Advantage; Competitive Strategy; Cooperation; Corporate Strategy; Diversification; Expansion; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Information Technology; Internet and the Web; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Applications and Software; Information Infrastructure; Value Creation; Emerging Markets; Product Development; Segmentation; Business Units; Communication; Profit; Communications Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Financial Services Industry; Information Industry; Information Technology Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; Music Industry; Service Industry; Technology Industry; Telecommunications Industry; Video Game Industry; Web Services Industry; Asia; China; Canton (province, China)
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  • 09 Mar 2023
  • Blog Post

African American Student Union Spotlight on Joint Degrees

GS’s investing arms. I started as part of a structured equity investing team within the firm’s Special Situations Group, before transitioning to a role as an investor within the consumer and healthcare verticals of Goldman’s Growth Equity... View Details
  • 17 Jul 2018
  • First Look

New Research and Ideas, July 17, 2018

economy. Publisher's link: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=54694 in press Journal of Social and Personal Relationships Valuing Time Over Money Is Associated with Greater Social Connection By: Whillans, A.V., and Elizabeth... View Details
Keywords: Dina Gerdeman
  • 24 Oct 2017
  • First Look

First Look at New Research and Ideas, October 24, 2017

who simultaneously identify with multiple brands they represent to customers, we examine the relationships among identity conflict and enhancement, on the one hand, and objective sales performance, on the other. We find independent... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 08 Aug 2005
  • Research & Ideas

A Balanced Scorecard Approach To Measure Customer Profitability

"percentage of unprofitable customers," or "dollars lost in unprofitable customer relationships." Such customer profitability measures provide a valuable signal that satisfaction, retention, and growth in customer View Details
Keywords: by Robert S. Kaplan
  • Web

Events - Business History

Authoritarian Asia" Meg Rithmire, F. Warren McFarlan Associate Professor of Business Administration at HBS, discussed her forthcoming book, Precarious Ties: Business and the State in Authoritarian Asia . Precarious Ties analyzes "the View Details
  • 03 May 2011
  • First Look

First Look: May 3

access to its proprietary library of human antibodies. Recently, the company decided to deviate from this model, and attempt to develop its own proprietary products. The case allows analysis of "license vs. vertically integrate"... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 07 Aug 2012
  • First Look

First Look: August 7

determined by and paid for by the studio. After accounting for the endogenous nature of property-right allocations, we find that studio-financed films receive superior marketing investments compared to independent films and that these investments fully mediate the... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • November 2018 (Revised May 2019)
  • Case

Almarai Company: Milk and Modernization in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

By: Kristin Fabbe, Safwan Al-Amin, Esel Cekin and Natalie Kindred
With SAR 14 billion ($3.7 billion) in 2017 revenues, Almarai was Saudi Arabia’s largest dairy producer, distributor, and marketer, with a large portfolio of branded dairy products, juices, bakery goods, and infant formula and a sales presence across the Gulf region,... View Details
Keywords: Dairy; Agriculture; Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia; Almarai; Schorderet; Food Security; Public Policy; Self Sufficiency; Gulf; GCC; Business And Government; Agribusiness; Marketing; Distribution; Change Management; Leading Change; Strategy; Government and Politics; Policy; Diversification; Integration; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Food; Brands and Branding; Growth and Development Strategy; Business and Government Relations; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Saudi Arabia; Middle East
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  • Web

Globalization - Faculty & Research

poorer borrowers negatively moderate the relationship between social globalization and MFI interest rate, and positively moderate the relationship between economic globalization and MFI interest rate. This... View Details
  • Web

Winners & Runners-Up | New Venture Competition

Runner-Up Vertically integrated tomato processing company. Business Track, 2013 Tauros Engineering Adrian Ross Alison Flatau David Flatau Tyler Flatau Business Track Winner Tauros Engineering is commercializing a revolutionary technology... View Details
  • 19 Oct 2010
  • First Look

First Look: October 19, 2010

give more, that giving indeed causes increased happiness, and that these two relationships may operate in a circular fashion. Second, we consider whether advertising these benefits of charitable giving—asking people to give in order to be... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 08 Aug 2017
  • First Look

First Look at Research and Ideas, August 8, 2017

subsumed by the other three. Publisher's link: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=53024 August 2017 Obstetrics & Gynecology Relationship Between Labor and Delivery Unit Management Practices and Maternal Outcomes By:... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 28 Nov 2005
  • Research & Ideas

Unilever: Transformation and Tradition

allocation of resources was difficult. There was also the past legacy of vertical and horizontal integration, which left Unilever owning considerable parts of the value chain. Its trawlers caught the fish that was eventually sold in its... View Details
Keywords: by Geoffrey Jones; Consumer Products
  • 02 Apr 2001
  • Research & Ideas

Not All M&As Are Alike—and That Matters

geographically by rolling up other companies in adjacent territories. Usually, the operating unit remains local if the relationship with local customers is important. What the acquiring company brings is some combination of lower... View Details
Keywords: by Joseph L. Bower
  • Web

Invention of the Polarizer - Edwin H. Land & Polaroid | Harvard Business School

two weeks, if possible, without interruption," he reasoned. "Then, you get it straight and you embody it, and during that period of embodiment you have a feeling of almost divine guidance." 10 It was commonly understood that planes of light normally vibrate on View Details
  • 21 Jun 2011
  • First Look

First Look: June 21

http://www.nber.org/confer/2009/EIf09/summary.html The Learning Effects of Monitoring Authors: Dennis Campbell, Marc Epstein, and F. Asís Martínez Jerez Publication: The Accounting Review (forthcoming) Abstract This paper investigates the View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 16 May 2005
  • Research & Ideas

Nonprofit Networking: The New Way to Grow

was impressed with the new management and the impact of the structural changes, she also thought that the new system did not fully leverage the potential value of existing and new relationships among staff, both View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace