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- Faculty Publications (152)
- August 2014
- Case
Netflix in 2011
By: Willy Shih and Stephen Kaufman
Reed Hastings founded Netflix to provide a home movie service that would do a better job satisfying customers than the traditional retail rental model. But as it encountered challenges it underwent several major strategy shifts, ultimately developing a business model...
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Keywords:
Netflix;
DVD;
DVD-by-mail;
Streaming;
Online Entertainment;
Online Video;
Disruptive Innovation;
Innovation and Management;
Innovation Strategy;
Business Model;
Disruption;
Operations;
Service Operations;
Entertainment;
Film Entertainment;
Television Entertainment;
Media;
Strategy;
Business or Company Management;
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Corporate Strategy;
Expansion;
Technology;
Technology Adoption;
Technology Platform;
Web;
Entertainment and Recreation Industry;
United States
Shih, Willy, and Stephen Kaufman. "Netflix in 2011." Harvard Business School Case 615-007, August 2014.
- June–July 2014
- Article
Language as a Lightning Rod: Power Contests, Emotion Regulation, and Subgroup Dynamics in Global Teams
By: Pamela J. Hinds, Tsedal Neeley and Catherine Durnell Cramton
Through an ethnographic study comprised of interviews with and observations of 96 globally distributed members in six software development teams, we propose a model that captures how asymmetries in language fluency contribute to an us vs. them dynamic so common in...
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Keywords:
Equality and Inequality;
Communication Intention and Meaning;
Groups and Teams;
Applications and Software;
Emotions;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Power and Influence;
Information Technology Industry
Hinds, Pamela J., Tsedal Neeley, and Catherine Durnell Cramton. "Language as a Lightning Rod: Power Contests, Emotion Regulation, and Subgroup Dynamics in Global Teams." Journal of International Business Studies 45, no. 5 (June–July 2014): 536–561.
- 2014
- Article
Unequality: Who Gets What and Why It Matters
Who should get what, and what are the consequences? Economic inequality in the United States has been rising for decades, yet only recently have behavioral scientists explored two central questions surrounding the optimal level of inequality. First, what are the...
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Keywords:
Inequality;
Ethics;
Productivity;
Gambling;
Equality and Inequality;
Fairness;
Income;
Performance Productivity;
United States
Norton, Michael I. "Unequality: Who Gets What and Why It Matters." Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1, no. 1 (2014): 151–155.
- 2014
- Working Paper
Evolution of Land Distribution in West Bengal 1967-2004: Role of Land Reform and Demographic Changes
By: Pranab Bardhan, Michael Luca, Dilip Mookherjee and Francisco Pino
This paper studies how land reform and population growth affect land inequality and landlessness, focusing particularly on indirect effects owing to their influence on household divisions and land market transactions. Theoretical predictions of a model of household...
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Keywords:
Inequality;
Land Reform;
Household Division;
Land Markets;
Equality and Inequality;
Property;
West Bengal
Bardhan, Pranab, Michael Luca, Dilip Mookherjee, and Francisco Pino. "Evolution of Land Distribution in West Bengal 1967-2004: Role of Land Reform and Demographic Changes." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-066, January 2014.
- 2014
- Other Unpublished Work
Evolution of Land Distribution in West Bengal 1967-2004: Role of Land Reform and Demographic Changes
By: Pranab Bardhan, Michael Luca, Dilip Mookherjee and Francisco Pino
This paper examines the indirect effect of land reform and demographic changes on land inequality operating through induced household divisions and land market transactions. We develop an intra-household model of joint production where divisions, out-migration or land...
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Keywords:
Inequality;
Land Reform;
Household Division;
Land Markets;
Equality and Inequality;
Property;
Household;
Change;
West Bengal
Bardhan, Pranab, Michael Luca, Dilip Mookherjee, and Francisco Pino. "Evolution of Land Distribution in West Bengal 1967-2004: Role of Land Reform and Demographic Changes." (conditionally accepted, Journal of Development Economics.)
- September 2013 (Revised August 2015)
- Background Note
Leadership and Teaming
By: Ethan Bernstein
Small differences in the leadership of teams can have large consequences for the success of their efforts. Many initiatives fail not because of a fatal error in judgment or insufficient ideas, knowledge, motivation, or capabilities to deliver a solution. They fail...
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Keywords:
Teams;
Teaming;
Leadership And Managing People;
Leadership;
Team Effectiveness;
Team Performance;
Team Design;
Team Leadership;
Teamwork;
Team Process;
Team Function;
Team Launch;
60/30/10 Rule;
Team Boundary;
Distribution Of Leadership Authority;
Self-Managed Teams;
Virtual Teams;
Unbounded Teams;
Acts Of Leadership;
Execution Teams;
Decision Making Teams;
Creativity Teams;
Team Size;
Task Design;
Team Timeline;
Team Roles;
Team Representation;
Diversity;
Team Familiarity;
Collective Intelligence;
Team Stages Of Development;
Team Coaching;
Performance Pressure;
X-Teams;
Team Focus;
Interaction;
Management Teams;
Managerial Roles;
Management Systems;
Management Style;
Management Skills;
Management Practices and Processes;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure;
Performance Effectiveness;
Performance Efficiency;
Performance Productivity;
Groups and Teams;
Networks;
Social Psychology;
Behavior;
Conflict and Resolution;
Creativity;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Satisfaction;
Prejudice and Bias;
Power and Influence;
Personal Characteristics;
Familiarity;
Cognition and Thinking;
Attitudes;
Projects;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Leadership Development;
Leadership Style;
Leading Change;
Knowledge Use and Leverage;
Knowledge Sharing;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Management;
Innovation Leadership;
Design;
Interpersonal Communication;
Distribution Industry;
Distribution Industry;
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Asia;
North and Central America;
South America;
Atlantic Ocean;
Central Asia;
Europe;
Latin America;
Middle East;
Oceania;
West Indies
Bernstein, Ethan. "Leadership and Teaming." Harvard Business School Background Note 414-033, September 2013. (Revised August 2015.)
- Summer 2013
- Article
IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property
By: Joachim Henkel, Carliss Y. Baldwin and Willy C. Shih
Firms seeking to take advantage of distributed innovation and outsourcing can bridge the tension between value creation and value capture by modifying the modular structure of their technical systems. Specifically, this article introduces the concept of "IP...
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Keywords:
Modularity;
Value Appropriation;
Distributed Innovation;
Open Innovation;
Innovation Strategy;
Intellectual Property;
Value
Henkel, Joachim, Carliss Y. Baldwin, and Willy C. Shih. "IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property." California Management Review 55, no. 4 (Summer 2013): 65–82.
- June 20, 2013
- Article
The Tyranny of Minority Shareholders
By: Josh Baron and Henry Foley
The article discusses challenges arising from minority ownership in the context of the proposed Empire State Building IPO. It emphasizes the complexities that minority shareholders can introduce in business decisions when families take their assets public. The article...
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Keywords:
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Ownership;
Family Ownership;
Corporate Governance;
Power and Influence
Baron, Josh, and Henry Foley. "The Tyranny of Minority Shareholders." Wealth Management (website) (June 20, 2013).
- 2013
- Chapter
Open Innovation and Organizational Boundaries: Task Decomposition, Knowledge Distribution and the Locus of Innovation
By: Karim R. Lakhani, Hila Lifshitz-Assaf and Michael L. Tushman
This chapter contrasts traditional, organization-centered models of innovation with more recent work on open innovation. These fundamentally different and inconsistent innovation logics are associated with contrasting organizational boundaries and organizational...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Organizational Boundaries;
Institutional Logics;
Modular Innovation;
Open Innovation;
Knowledge Sharing;
Innovation Strategy;
Organizational Design;
Boundaries;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention
Lakhani, Karim R., Hila Lifshitz-Assaf, and Michael L. Tushman. "Open Innovation and Organizational Boundaries: Task Decomposition, Knowledge Distribution and the Locus of Innovation." Chap. 19 in Handbook of Economic Organization: Integrating Economic and Organization Theory, edited by Anna Grandori, 355–382. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2013.
- 2014
- Working Paper
Hidden Structure: Using Network Methods to Map System Architecture
By: Carliss Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and John Rusnak
In this paper, we describe an operational methodology for characterising the architecture of complex technical systems and demonstrate its application to a large sample of software releases. Our methodology is based upon directed network graphs, which allows us to...
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Baldwin, Carliss, Alan MacCormack, and John Rusnak. "Hidden Structure: Using Network Methods to Map System Architecture." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-093, May 2013. (Revised April 2014.)
- April 2013
- Article
Using the Crowd as an Innovation Partner
By: Kevin J. Boudreau and Karim R. Lakhani
More and more organizations are turning to crowds for help in solving their most vexing innovation and research questions, but managers remain understandably cautious. It seems risky and even unnatural to push problems out to vast groups of strangers distributed around...
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Boudreau, Kevin J., and Karim R. Lakhani. "Using the Crowd as an Innovation Partner." Harvard Business Review 91, no. 4 (April 2013): 61–69.
- 2012
- Article
Organization Design for Business Ecosystems
The modern corporation has long been the central focus of the field of organization design. Such firms can be likened to nation-states: they have boundaries that circumscribe citizen-employees, and they engage in production and trade. But individual corporations are... View Details
Keywords:
Modularity;
Business Ecosystems;
Distributed Innovation;
Problem Solving;
Property Rights;
Organization Design;
Networks;
Integration;
Competition;
Organizational Design;
Innovation and Management
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Organization Design for Business Ecosystems." Special Issue on The Future of Organization Design. Journal of Organization Design 1, no. 1 (2012).
- September 2012
- Case
SCMS: Battling HIV/AIDS in Africa
By: Ananth Raman, Noel Watson, Santiago Kraiselburd and Emmanuel Akili
In 2005, USAID and the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), created the Supply Chain Management System (SCMS) to procure and distribute essential medicines and supplies; provide technical assistance to transform existing supply chains; and...
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Keywords:
HIV;
AIDS;
Procurement Coordination;
Developing Countries;
Healthcare;
Public Health;
Ethiopia;
Supply Systems For Healthcare Delivery In Developing Countries;
Healthcare Logistics Industry;
Health Disorders;
Health Care and Treatment;
Service Delivery;
Supply Chain Management;
Logistics;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Programs;
Transition;
Strategy;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Health Industry;
Ethiopia;
Africa
Raman, Ananth, Noel Watson, Santiago Kraiselburd, and Emmanuel Akili. "SCMS: Battling HIV/AIDS in Africa." Harvard Business School Case 613-023, September 2012.
- 2012
- Working Paper
IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property
By: Joachim Henkel, Carliss Y. Baldwin and Willy C. Shih
In this paper we explain how firms seeking to take advantage of distributed innovation and outsourcing can bridge the tension between value creation and value capture by modifying the modular structure of their technical systems. Specifically, we introduce the concept...
View Details
Keywords:
Modularity;
Value Appropriation;
Distributed Innovation;
Open Innovation;
Strategy;
Open Source Distribution;
Value;
Complexity;
Intellectual Property
Henkel, Joachim, Carliss Y. Baldwin, and Willy C. Shih. "IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-012, August 2012. (Revised November 2012.)
- July 2012
- Case
Performance Management at Vitality Health Enterprises, Inc.
By: John Bingham and Michael Beer
Vitality Health Enterprises, a medium-sized firm that manufactures health and personal care products, has experienced six straight quarters of strong revenue growth. James Hoffman, the new Senior Vice President of Human Resources, fears that the chain of success is...
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Keywords:
Performance Evaluation;
Motivation and Incentives;
Compensation and Benefits;
Talent and Talent Management;
Health Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
United States
Bingham, John, and Michael Beer. "Performance Management at Vitality Health Enterprises, Inc." Harvard Business School Brief Case 913-501, July 2012.
- 2012
- Chapter
IP Modularity in Software Ecosystems: How SugarCRM's IP and Business Model Shape Its Product Architecture
By: Josef Waltl, Joachim Henkel and Carliss Y. Baldwin
Keywords:
Business Model;
Digital Platforms;
Open Source Distribution;
Complexity;
Applications and Software;
Intellectual Property
Waltl, Josef, Joachim Henkel, and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "IP Modularity in Software Ecosystems: How SugarCRM's IP and Business Model Shape Its Product Architecture." In Software Business: Proceedings of the Third International Conference, ICSOB 2012, by M. A. Cusumano, B. Iyer, and N. Venkatraman, 94–106. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 2012.
- 2012
- Working Paper
Organization Design for Distributed Innovation
Systems of distributed innovation—so-called business ecosystems—have become increasingly prevalent in many industries. These entities generally encompass numerous corporations, individuals, and communities that might be individually autonomous but related through their...
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Keywords:
Organizational Design;
Innovation and Management;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Intellectual Property;
Rights;
Governance Controls
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Organization Design for Distributed Innovation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-100, May 2012.
- 2012
- Working Paper
The Impact of Modularity on Intellectual Property and Value Appropriation
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Joachim Henkel
Modularity is a means of partitioning technical knowledge about a product or process. When state-sanctioned intellectual property rights are ineffective or costly to enforce, modularity can be used to hide information and thus protect intellectual property (IP). We...
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Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Joachim Henkel. "The Impact of Modularity on Intellectual Property and Value Appropriation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-040, December 2011. (Revised November 2012.)
- September – October 2011
- Article
The Manufacturer's Incentive to Reduce Lead Times
By: Santiago Kraiselburd, Richard Pibernik and Ananth Raman
It is generally a well acknowledged fact that, ceteris paribus, reducing the lead times between downstream and upstream parties in a supply chain is desirable from an overall system perspective. However, an upstream party (e.g., a manufacturer) may have strong...
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Keywords:
Cost;
Demand and Consumers;
Order Taking and Fulfillment;
Production;
Supply Chain Management;
Sales;
Manufacturing Industry;
Retail Industry
Kraiselburd, Santiago, Richard Pibernik, and Ananth Raman. "The Manufacturer's Incentive to Reduce Lead Times." Production and Operations Management 20, no. 5 (September–October 2011): 639–653.
- 2011
- Article
Scalable Detection of Anomalous Patterns With Connectivity Constraints
By: Skyler Speakman, Edward McFowland III and Daniel B. Neill
We present GraphScan, a novel method for detecting arbitrarily shaped connected clusters in graph or network data. Given a graph structure, data observed at each node, and a score function defining the anomalousness of a set of nodes, GraphScan can efficiently and...
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