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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (2,322)
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- Summer 2019
- Article
The Price Effects of Cross-Market Mergers: Theory and Evidence from the Hospital Industry
By: Leemore S. Dafny, Katherine Ho and Robin S. Lee
We consider the effect of mergers between firms whose products are not viewed as direct substitutes for the same good or service but are bundled by a common intermediary. Focusing on hospital mergers across distinct geographic markets, we show that such combinations...
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Keywords:
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Markets;
Geographic Scope;
Price;
Outcome or Result;
Insurance;
Health Industry
Dafny, Leemore S., Katherine Ho, and Robin S. Lee. "The Price Effects of Cross-Market Mergers: Theory and Evidence from the Hospital Industry." RAND Journal of Economics 50, no. 2 (Summer 2019): 286–325.
- June 2019
- Teaching Note
Zebra Medical Vision
By: Shane Greenstein and Sarah Gulick
Teaching note is meant to accompany Zebra Medical Vision case, which offers a look at a company’s decisions as a small startup competing with other startups and major technology companies. It also demonstrates the challenges faced by a machine learning company working...
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- 2021
- Working Paper
Who Do We Invent for? Patents by Women Focus More on Women's Health, but Few Women Get to Invent
By: Rembrand Koning, Sampsa Samila and John-Paul Ferguson
Has the increase in female medical researchers led to more medical advances for women? In this paper, we investigate if the gender of inventors shapes their types of inventions. Using data on the universe of U.S. biomedical patents, we find that patents with women...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Biomedical Research;
Innovation and Invention;
Diversity;
Gender;
Research;
Health;
United States
Koning, Rembrand, Sampsa Samila, and John-Paul Ferguson. "Who Do We Invent for? Patents by Women Focus More on Women's Health, but Few Women Get to Invent." Working Paper. (Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-124, June 2019; SSRN Working Paper Series, No. 3401889, June 2019.)
- May 16, 2019
- Article
To Improve Food Inspections, Change the Way They're Scheduled
By: Maria Ibanez and Michael W. Toffel
Health inspections are an important tool to increase food safety, but there are still 48 million cases of food-borne illnesses and 128,000 hospitalizations every year in the United States. Our research finds that inspectors reported fewer health code violations as they...
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Keywords:
Inspection;
Scheduling;
Food;
Safety;
Health;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Performance Improvement
Ibanez, Maria, and Michael W. Toffel. "To Improve Food Inspections, Change the Way They're Scheduled." Harvard Business Review (website) (May 16, 2019).
- 2019
- Article
Time-Driven Activity-Based Cost Analysis for Outpatient Anticoagulation Therapy: Direct Costs in a Primary Care Setting with Optimal Performance
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Rohit A. Bobade, Richard A. Helmers, Thomas M. Jaeger, Laura J. Odell and Derek A. Haas
Objectives: To determine how overall cost of anticoagulation therapy for warfarin compares with that of Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs). Also, to demonstrate a scientific, comprehensive, and an analytical approach to estimate direct costs involved in monitoring and...
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Keywords:
Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing;
Activity Based Costing and Management;
Health Care and Treatment;
Analysis
Kaplan, Robert S., Rohit A. Bobade, Richard A. Helmers, Thomas M. Jaeger, Laura J. Odell, and Derek A. Haas. "Time-Driven Activity-Based Cost Analysis for Outpatient Anticoagulation Therapy: Direct Costs in a Primary Care Setting with Optimal Performance." Journal of Medical Economics 22, no. 5 (2019): 471–477.
- Article
Use of Crowd Innovation to Develop an Artificial Intelligence-Based Solution for Radiation Therapy Targeting
By: Raymond H. Mak, Michael G. Endres, Jin Hyun Paik, Rinat A. Sergeev, Hugo Aerts, Christopher L. Williams, Karim R. Lakhani and Eva C. Guinan
Importance: Radiation therapy (RT) is a critical cancer treatment, but the existing radiation oncologist work force does not meet growing global demand. One key physician task in RT planning involves tumor segmentation for targeting, which requires substantial...
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Keywords:
Crowdsourcing;
AI Algorithms;
Health Care and Treatment;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
AI and Machine Learning
Mak, Raymond H., Michael G. Endres, Jin Hyun Paik, Rinat A. Sergeev, Hugo Aerts, Christopher L. Williams, Karim R. Lakhani, and Eva C. Guinan. "Use of Crowd Innovation to Develop an Artificial Intelligence-Based Solution for Radiation Therapy Targeting." JAMA Oncology 5, no. 5 (May 2019): 654–661.
- Article
Europe's Alternative to Medicare for All: Swiss and Dutch Private Insurance Provide Better Coverage Than Canada's Single-Payer System
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Bacchus Barua
An analysis of Canada’s single-payer healthcare system shows the dangers of the proposed Medicare for All model. In fact, the Canadian healthcare system is costly and drives poor outcomes when compared to objective performance measures. Alternatively, the Swiss and...
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Keywords:
Healthcare Systems;
Universal Health Coverage;
Health Care and Treatment;
Insurance;
Canada;
Switzerland;
Netherlands
Herzlinger, Regina E., and Bacchus Barua. "Europe's Alternative to Medicare for All: Swiss and Dutch Private Insurance Provide Better Coverage Than Canada's Single-Payer System." Wall Street Journal (April 17, 2019).
- 2019
- Chapter
Characterizing the Drug Development Pipeline for Precision Medicines
By: Amitabh Chandra, Craig Garthwaite and Ariel Dora Stern
BOOK ABSTRACT: Personalized and precision medicine (PPM)—the targeting of therapies according to an individual’s genetic, environmental, or lifestyle characteristics—is becoming an increasingly important approach in health care treatment and prevention. The advancement...
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Chandra, Amitabh, Craig Garthwaite, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Characterizing the Drug Development Pipeline for Precision Medicines." Chap. 5 in Economic Dimensions of Personalized and Precision Medicine, edited by Ernest R. Berndt, Dana P. Goldman, and John W. Rowe, 115–158. University of Chicago Press, 2019.
- Article
Four Things No One Will Tell You About ESG Data
By: Sakis Kotsantonis and George Serafeim
As the ESG finance field and the use of ESG data in investment decision-making continue to grow, the authors seek to shed light on several important aspects of ESG measurement and data. This article is intended to provide a useful guide for the rapidly rising number of...
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Keywords:
ESG;
ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance;
ESG Reporting;
Data Analytics;
Sustainability;
Sustainability Reporting;
CSR;
Transparency;
Investment Management;
Socially Responsible Investing;
Sustainable Finance;
Sustainable Development;
Inclusion;
Inclusive Growth;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Corporate Accountability;
Investment;
Management;
Climate Change;
Corporate Governance;
Diversity;
Integrated Corporate Reporting
Kotsantonis, Sakis, and George Serafeim. "Four Things No One Will Tell You About ESG Data." Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 31, no. 2 (Spring 2019): 50–58.
- April 2019
- Teaching Note
The a2 Milk Company
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
The a2 Milk Company (a2MC) became the most valuable company listed on the New Zealand stock exchange in 2018 by capitalizing on a biochemical discovery related to the protein composition of cow's milk. Because many people find the A1 protein difficult to digest, and...
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Keywords:
Judo Economics;
Market Entry;
Innovation;
Barriers To Response;
Industry Attractiveness;
Advantage Horizon;
Sustainability;
First-mover Advantage;
Scope;
Strategy Execution;
Strategic Evolution;
Biochemistry;
Genetics;
Branding;
Commodity;
Milk;
Dairy;
Infant Formula;
Farming;
Porter's Five Forces;
Market Entry and Exit;
Disruption;
Innovation and Invention;
Competitive Advantage;
Corporate Strategy;
Value Creation;
Competition;
Brands and Branding;
Five Forces Framework;
Consumer Products Industry;
New Zealand;
Australia;
China
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Lifesaving Benefits of Convenient Infrastructure: Quantifying the Mortality Impact of Abandoning Shallow Tubewells Contaminated by Arsenic in Bangladesh
By: Nina Buchmann, Erica Field, Rachel Glennerster and Reshmaan Hussam
We document the consequences of a public health campaign which led to the sudden abandonment of local water infrastructure by one-fifth of Bangladesh’s population. Households who experienced quasi-randomly distributed arsenic contamination, and thus were likely to...
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Keywords:
Child Mortality;
Arsenic;
Unintended Consequences;
Health Disorders;
Safety;
Outcome or Result;
Bangladesh
Buchmann, Nina, Erica Field, Rachel Glennerster, and Reshmaan Hussam. "The Lifesaving Benefits of Convenient Infrastructure: Quantifying the Mortality Impact of Abandoning Shallow Tubewells Contaminated by Arsenic in Bangladesh." Working Paper, September 2022.
- March 2019 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
The DivaCup: Navigating Distribution and Growth
By: Ayelet Israeli
When the mother-daughter founders of DivaCup set out with a mission to disrupt the menstrual care industry with an innovative product form, they initially struggled to gain legitimacy and convince retailers to carry their unique product. Fifteen years later, the...
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Keywords:
Female;
Female Ceo;
Female Entrepreneur;
Female Protagonist;
Health & Wellness;
Healthcare;
Price Policies;
Minimum Advertised Price;
Differentiation;
Positioning;
Growth;
Health;
Health Care and Treatment;
Price;
Disruption;
Distribution;
Distribution Channels;
Competitive Strategy;
Competition;
Growth Management;
Mission and Purpose;
Product Development;
Product Marketing;
Product Launch;
Product Positioning;
Advertising;
Business Startups;
Internet and the Web;
Entrepreneurship;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Social Issues;
Social Enterprise;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Canada;
United States;
United Kingdom
Israeli, Ayelet. "The DivaCup: Navigating Distribution and Growth." Harvard Business School Case 519-055, March 2019. (Revised April 2021.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Biometric Monitoring, Service Delivery and Misreporting: Evidence from Healthcare in India
By: Thomas Bossuroy, Clara Delavallade and Vincent Pons
Developing countries increasingly use biometric identification technology in hopes of improving the reliability of administrative information and delivering social services more efficiently. This paper exploits the random placement of biometric tracking devices in...
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Keywords:
Biometric Technology;
Health Care and Treatment;
Technological Innovation;
Analytics and Data Science;
Quality;
Performance Improvement;
India
Bossuroy, Thomas, Clara Delavallade, and Vincent Pons. "Biometric Monitoring, Service Delivery and Misreporting: Evidence from Healthcare in India." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 26388, October 2019. (Revise and resubmit requested, Review of Economics and Statistics.)
- March–April 2019
- Article
A Recombination-Based Internationalization Model: Evidence from Narayana Health's Journey from India to the Cayman Islands
By: Budhaditya Gupta and Tarun Khanna
Internationalizing firms often find developing host-country resources challenging as they simultaneously attempt to replicate the resources that worked well in their home country and adapt them to fit the context of the host country. On the basis of a longitudinal...
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Keywords:
Recombination;
Internationalization;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Health Care and Treatment;
India;
Cayman Islands
Gupta, Budhaditya, and Tarun Khanna. "A Recombination-Based Internationalization Model: Evidence from Narayana Health's Journey from India to the Cayman Islands." Organization Science 30, no. 2 (March–April 2019): 405–425.
- March 2019
- Article
A Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Analysis of Emergency Department Scribes
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Heather A. Heaton, David M. Nestler, William J. Barry, Richard A. Helmers, Mustafa Y. Sir, Deepi G. Goyal, Derek A. Haas and Annie T. Sadosty
Objectives: To apply time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) methodology to determine emergency medicine physician documentation costs with and without scribes.
Methods: Two research assistants shadowed attending physicians for a total of 64 hours in the... View Details
Methods: Two research assistants shadowed attending physicians for a total of 64 hours in the... View Details
Kaplan, Robert S., Heather A. Heaton, David M. Nestler, William J. Barry, Richard A. Helmers, Mustafa Y. Sir, Deepi G. Goyal, Derek A. Haas, and Annie T. Sadosty. "A Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Analysis of Emergency Department Scribes." Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes 3, no. 1 (March 2019): 30–34.
- March 2019
- Case
DayTwo: Going to Market with Gut Microbiome
By: Ayelet Israeli and David Lane
DayTwo is a young Israeli startup that applies research on the gut microbiome and machine learning algorithms to deliver personalized nutritional recommendations to its users in order to minimize blood sugar spikes after meals. After a first year of trial rollout in...
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Keywords:
Start-up Growth;
Startup;
Positioning;
Targeting;
Go To Market Strategy;
B2B2C;
B2B Vs. B2C;
Health & Wellness;
AI;
Machine Learning;
Female Ceo;
Female Protagonist;
Science-based;
Science And Technology Studies;
Ecommerce;
Applications;
DTC;
Direct To Consumer Marketing;
US Health Care;
"USA,";
Innovation;
Pricing;
Business Growth;
Segmentation;
Distribution Channels;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Business Startups;
Science-Based Business;
Health;
Innovation and Invention;
Marketing;
Information Technology;
Business Growth and Maturation;
E-commerce;
Applications and Software;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Israel;
United States
Israeli, Ayelet, and David Lane. "DayTwo: Going to Market with Gut Microbiome." Harvard Business School Case 519-010, March 2019.
- Article
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Appropriateness: An Interdisciplinary Consensus-Based Approach
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Michael Nurok, Jonathan Warsh, Todd Griner, Mayumi Kharabi, Joseph Castongia, Cali Overbeck, Lisa Krueger, Bernice Coleman, Danny Ramzy, Joshua Chung, Alice Chan, Eric Ley, Sindhu Kubendran, Neil Parrish, Zhe Yu, Michael Landberg, Stuart Finder, Bradley T. Rosen, Harry Sax and Francisco Arabia
We describe a quality improvement initiative aimed at achieving interdisciplinary consensus about the appropriate delivery of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Interdisciplinary rounds were implemented for all patients on ECMO and addressed whether care was...
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Kaplan, Robert S., Michael Nurok, Jonathan Warsh, Todd Griner, Mayumi Kharabi, Joseph Castongia, Cali Overbeck, Lisa Krueger, Bernice Coleman, Danny Ramzy, Joshua Chung, Alice Chan, Eric Ley, Sindhu Kubendran, Neil Parrish, Zhe Yu, Michael Landberg, Stuart Finder, Bradley T. Rosen, Harry Sax, and Francisco Arabia. "Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Appropriateness: An Interdisciplinary Consensus-Based Approach." Anesthesia & Analgesia 128, no. 3 (March 2019).
- February 2019 (Revised August 2019)
- Case
KangaTech
By: Karim R. Lakhani, Patrick J. Ferguson, Sarah Fleischer, Jin Hyun Paik and Steven Randazzo
On a warm January afternoon in 2019, Steve Saunders, Dave Scerri, Carl Dilena, and Nick Haslam (see Exhibit 1 for biographies), co-founders of KangaTech, wrapped up the latest round of discussions about the future direction of their sports-technology start-up. Focused...
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Keywords:
Startup;
Technology Commercialization;
Prototype;
Business Startups;
Technological Innovation;
Sports;
Health;
Commercialization;
Research and Development;
Decision Making;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Health Industry;
Australia
Lakhani, Karim R., Patrick J. Ferguson, Sarah Fleischer, Jin Hyun Paik, and Steven Randazzo. "KangaTech." Harvard Business School Case 619-049, February 2019. (Revised August 2019.)
- February 2019 (Revised February 2020)
- Case
Theranos: Who Has Blood on Their Hands? (A)
By: Nien-hê Hsieh, Christina R. Wing, Emilie Fournier and Anna Resman
This case covers the rise and fall of Theranos, the company founded by Elizabeth Holmes in 2004 to revolutionize the blood testing industry by creating a device that could provide from a small finger prick the same results and accuracy as intravenous blood draws. As...
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Keywords:
Health Testing and Trials;
Corporate Accountability;
Organizational Culture;
Misleading and Fraudulent Advertising;
Crime and Corruption;
Ethics;
Entrepreneurship;
Lawsuits and Litigation
Hsieh, Nien-hê, Christina R. Wing, Emilie Fournier, and Anna Resman. "Theranos: Who Has Blood on Their Hands? (A)." Harvard Business School Case 619-039, February 2019. (Revised February 2020.)
- February 2019 (Revised October 2019)
- Case
Extend Fertility: Conceiving the Market for Egg Preservation (A)
By: Debora L. Spar and Olivia Hull
In April 2003, entrepreneur and MBA student Christy Jones was planning a new venture to help women preserve their fertility. Her company, Extend Fertility, would commercialize a technique known as egg freezing, in which a woman’s eggs were extracted and stored at low...
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Keywords:
Assisted Reproduction;
Entrepreneur;
Health And Wellness;
Fertility;
Infertility;
Women's Health;
Creating Markets;
Egg Freezing;
Fertility Clinic;
Entrepreneurship;
Strategy;
Marketing Strategy
Spar, Debora L., and Olivia Hull. "Extend Fertility: Conceiving the Market for Egg Preservation (A)." Harvard Business School Case 719-019, February 2019. (Revised October 2019.)