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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (65)
- August 2018
- Article
Growth Through Heterogeneous Innovations
By: Ufuk Akcigit and William R. Kerr
We build a tractable growth model where multi-product incumbents invest in internal innovations to improve their existing products, while new entrants and incumbents invest in external innovations to acquire new product lines. External and internal innovations generate...
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Keywords:
Endogenous Growth;
Innovation;
Citations;
Scientists;
Entrepreneurs;
External;
Internal;
Patents;
Innovation Strategy;
Entrepreneurship;
Economic Growth;
Research and Development;
Science
Akcigit, Ufuk, and William R. Kerr. "Growth Through Heterogeneous Innovations." Journal of Political Economy 126, no. 4 (August 2018): 1374–1443.
- July 2018
- Article
Personality Traits of Entrepreneurs: A Review of Recent Literature
By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr and Tina Xu
We review the extensive literature since 2000 on the personality traits of entrepreneurs. We first consider baseline personality traits like the Big-5 model, self-efficacy and innovativeness, locus of control, and the need for achievement. We then consider risk...
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Keywords:
Entrepreneurs;
Venturing;
Personality Traits;
Characteristics;
Big-5;
Risk Attitudes;
Goals;
Skills;
Entrepreneurship;
Personal Characteristics;
Goals and Objectives;
Competency and Skills;
Success;
Demographics;
Research
Kerr, Sari Pekkala, William R. Kerr, and Tina Xu. "Personality Traits of Entrepreneurs: A Review of Recent Literature." Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship 14, no. 3 (July 2018): 279–356.
- February 2018
- Article
Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns
By: William R. Kerr
This study tests the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The empirical analysis has three comparative advantages: including emerging and advanced economies, isolating panel variation regarding the link between productivity and...
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Keywords:
Exports;
Comparative Advantage;
Technological Transfer;
Innovation;
Networks;
Patents;
Residency;
Technology Adoption;
Trade;
Research and Development;
Immigration;
United States
Kerr, William R. "Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns." World Bank Economic Review 32, no. 1 (February 2018): 163–182.
- January 2018 (Revised May 2018)
- Case
AT&T: Managing Technological Change and the Future of Telephone Operators in the 20th Century
By: Daniel P. Gross and William R. Kerr
By the 1930s, AT&T dominated the American phone industry, serving 10 million telephones and employing over 100,000 switchboard operators. But beginning in the mid-1910s, the company began changing from manually operated switchboards to mechanical switching systems that...
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Keywords:
AT&T;
Bell Telephone;
Phone Lines;
Phone Operators;
Mechanical Switching;
Layoffs;
Technological Change;
Transition;
History;
Innovation and Invention;
Technological Innovation;
Information Technology;
Disruption;
Change Management;
Communications Industry;
Telecommunications Industry;
United States
Gross, Daniel P., and William R. Kerr. "AT&T: Managing Technological Change and the Future of Telephone Operators in the 20th Century." Harvard Business School Case 718-486, January 2018. (Revised May 2018.)
- 2017
- Chapter
Immigrant Entrepreneurship
By: William R. Kerr and Sari Pekkala Kerr
We examine immigrant entrepreneurship and the survival and growth of immigrant-founded businesses over time relative to native-founded companies. Our work quantifies immigrant contributions to new firm creation in a wide variety of fields and using multiple...
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Kerr, William R., and Sari Pekkala Kerr. "Immigrant Entrepreneurship." Chap. 5 in Measuring Entrepreneurial Businesses: Current Knowledge and Challenges. Vol. 75, edited by John Haltiwanger, Erik Hurst, Javier Miranda, and Antoinette Schoar. Studies in Income and Wealth (NBER). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017.
- 2017
- Working Paper
Digital Labor Markets and Global Talent Flows
By: John Horton, William R. Kerr and Christopher Stanton
Digital labor markets are rapidly expanding and connecting companies and contractors on a global basis. We review the environment in which these markets take root, the micro- and macro-level studies of their operations, their ongoing evolution and recent trends, and...
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Horton, John, William R. Kerr, and Christopher Stanton. "Digital Labor Markets and Global Talent Flows." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-096, May 2017.
- Article
Highways and Spatial Location within Cities: Evidence from India
By: Ejaz Ghani, Arti Grover Goswami and William R. Kerr
We investigate the impact of the Golden Quadrilateral (GQ) highway project on the spatial organization and efficiency of manufacturing activity. The GQ project upgraded the quality and width of 3,633 miles of road in India. We use a difference-in-difference estimation...
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Ghani, Ejaz, Arti Grover Goswami, and William R. Kerr. "Highways and Spatial Location within Cities: Evidence from India." World Bank Economic Review 30, Suppl. 1 (March 2017): S97–S108.
- 2016
- Working Paper
Immigrant Entrepreneurship
By: Sari Pekkala Kerr and William R. Kerr
We examine immigrant entrepreneurship and the survival and growth of immigrant-founded businesses over time relative to native-founded companies. Our work quantifies immigrant contributions to new firm creation in a wide variety of fields using multiple definitions....
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Keywords:
Immigrants;
Entrepreneurs;
Entry;
Firms;
Growth;
High-tech Marketing;
Venture Capital;
Entrepreneurship;
Immigration;
United States
Kerr, Sari Pekkala, and William R. Kerr. "Immigrant Entrepreneurship." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-011, July 2016. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 22385, July 2016.)
- July 2016
- Article
Taxation, Corruption, and Growth
By: Philippe Aghion, Ufuk Akcigit, Julia Cagé and William R. Kerr
We build an endogenous growth model to analyze the relationships between taxation, corruption, and economic growth. Entrepreneurs lie at the center of the model and face disincentive effects from taxation but acquire positive benefits from public infrastructure....
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Keywords:
Endogenous Growth;
Public Goods;
Corruption;
Crime and Corruption;
Entrepreneurship;
Taxation;
Economic Growth
Aghion, Philippe, Ufuk Akcigit, Julia Cagé, and William R. Kerr. "Taxation, Corruption, and Growth." Special Issue on The Economics of Entrepreneurship. European Economic Review 86 (July 2016): 24–51.
- March 2016
- Article
Highway to Success: The Impact of the Golden Quadrilateral Project for the Location and Performance of Indian Manufacturing
By: Ejaz Ghani, Arti Grover Goswami and William R. Kerr
We investigate the impact of the Golden Quadrilateral (GQ) highway project on the Indian organized manufacturing sector using enterprise data. The GQ project upgraded the quality and width of 5,846 km of roads in India. We use a difference-in-difference estimation...
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Keywords:
Highways;
Roads;
India;
Development;
Manufacturing;
Density;
Rent;
Infrastructure;
Manufacturing Industry;
India
Ghani, Ejaz, Arti Grover Goswami, and William R. Kerr. "Highway to Success: The Impact of the Golden Quadrilateral Project for the Location and Performance of Indian Manufacturing." Economic Journal 126, no. 591 (March 2016): 317–357.
- Article
Transition to Clean Technology
By: Daron Acemoglu, Ufuk Akcigit, Douglas Hanley and William R. Kerr
We develop a microeconomic model of endogenous growth where clean and dirty technologies compete in production and innovation, in the sense that research can be directed to either clean or dirty technologies. If dirty technologies are more advanced to start with, the...
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Keywords:
Technological Innovation;
Entrepreneurship;
Environmental Sustainability;
Green Technology Industry
Acemoglu, Daron, Ufuk Akcigit, Douglas Hanley, and William R. Kerr. "Transition to Clean Technology." Special Issue on Climate Change and the Economy. Journal of Political Economy 124, no. 2 (February 2016): 52–104.
- July 2015
- Article
Skilled Immigration and the Employment Structures of U.S. Firms
By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr and William F. Lincoln
We study the impact of skilled immigrants on the employment structures of U.S. firms using matched employer-employee data. Unlike most previous work, we use the firm as the lens of analysis to account for a greater level of heterogeneity and the fact that many skilled...
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Keywords:
Firms;
Scientists;
Engineers;
Inventors;
H-1B;
Age;
Employment;
Immigration;
United States
Kerr, Sari Pekkala, William R. Kerr, and William F. Lincoln. "Skilled Immigration and the Employment Structures of U.S. Firms." Journal of Labor Economics 33, no. S1 (July 2015): S147–S186.
- 2015
- Working Paper
Informal Tradables and the Employment Growth of Indian Manufacturing
By: Ejaz Ghani, William R. Kerr and Alexander Segura
India's manufacturing growth from 1989 to 2010 displays two intriguing properties: 1) a substantial fraction of absolute and net employment growth is concentrated in informal tradable industries, and 2) much of this growth is connected to the development of one-person...
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Keywords:
Manufacturing;
India;
Informality;
Small And Medium-sized Enterprises;
Development Economics;
Manufacturing Industry;
India
Ghani, Ejaz, William R. Kerr, and Alexander Segura. "Informal Tradables and the Employment Growth of Indian Manufacturing." World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, No. 7206, March 2015.
- 2022
- Working Paper
House Prices, Home Equity and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from U.S. Census Micro Data
By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr and Ramana Nanda
During 1992-2007, house price growth is strongly correlated with local entrepreneurship. We show with Census Bureau data that most of this entry is related to construction and real estate; these entrants tend to be small and short-lived. Using a 1998 Texas reform that...
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Kerr, Sari Pekkala, William R. Kerr, and Ramana Nanda. "House Prices, Home Equity and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from U.S. Census Micro Data." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-069, February 2015. (Revised June 2022.)
- Article
Spatial Determinants of Entrepreneurship in India
By: Ejaz Ghani, William R. Kerr and Stephen O'Connell
We analyze the spatial determinants of entrepreneurship in India in the manufacturing and services sectors. Among general district traits, quality of physical infrastructure and workforce education are the strongest predictors of entry, with labor laws and household...
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Keywords:
Agglomeration;
Development;
Entrepreneurship;
Manufacturing Industry;
Service Industry;
India;
South Asia
Ghani, Ejaz, William R. Kerr, and Stephen O'Connell. "Spatial Determinants of Entrepreneurship in India." Special Issue on Entrepreneurship in a Regional Context. Regional Studies 48, no. 6 (2014): 1071–1089.
- July 2014
- Article
Diasporas and Outsourcing: Evidence from oDesk and India
By: Ejaz Ghani, William R. Kerr and Christopher Stanton
This study examines the role of the Indian diaspora in the outsourcing of work to India. Our data are taken from oDesk, the world's largest online platform for outsourced contracts, where India is the largest country in terms of contract volume. We use an ethnic name...
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Keywords:
Diaspora;
Outsourcing;
oDesk;
Networks;
Job Cuts and Outsourcing;
Diasporas;
Internet and the Web;
Ethnicity;
Service Industry;
South Asia;
India
Ghani, Ejaz, William R. Kerr, and Christopher Stanton. "Diasporas and Outsourcing: Evidence from oDesk and India." Management Science 60, no. 7 (July 2014): 1677–1697.
- May 2014
- Article
Political Reservations and Women's Entrepreneurship in India
By: Ejaz Ghani, William R. Kerr and Stephen D. O'Connell
We quantify the link between the timing of state-level implementations of political reservations for women in India with the role of women in India's manufacturing sector. While overall employment of women in manufacturing does not increase after the reforms, we find...
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Keywords:
Women;
Female;
Political Reservations;
Development;
Informal Sector;
Entrepreneurship;
Gender;
Manufacturing Industry;
India;
South Asia
Ghani, Ejaz, William R. Kerr, and Stephen D. O'Connell. "Political Reservations and Women's Entrepreneurship in India." Journal of Development Economics 108 (May 2014): 138–153.
- 2013
- Working Paper
Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns
By: William R. Kerr
This study tests the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The empirical analysis has three comparative advantages: including emerging and advanced economies, isolating panel variation regarding the link between productivity and...
View Details
Keywords:
Exports;
Comparative Advantage;
Technological Transfer;
Innovation;
Networks;
Patents;
Residency;
Technology Adoption;
Trade;
Research and Development;
Immigration;
United States
Kerr, William R. "Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-039, November 2013. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 19657, November 2013.)
- 2013
- Article
Local Industrial Structures and Female Entrepreneurship in India
By: Ejaz Ghani, William R. Kerr and Stephen O'Connell
We analyze the spatial determinants of female entrepreneurship in India in the manufacturing and services sectors. We focus on the presence of incumbent female-owned businesses and their role in promoting higher subsequent female entrepreneurship relative to male...
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Ghani, Ejaz, William R. Kerr, and Stephen O'Connell. "Local Industrial Structures and Female Entrepreneurship in India." Journal of Economic Geography 13, no. 6 (November 2013): 929–964. (Winner of the FPD Academy Award for Best World Bank Research in Finance and Private Sector Development.)
- August 2013
- Case
Desi Shack: Location Choice in the Big Apple
By: William R. Kerr and Alexis Brownell
Desi Shack is a “fast casual” restaurant, started by two HBS alumni, that serves Indian and Pakistani cuisine in midtown Manhattan. The founders are looking to expand into a second location and also plan to hire a COO, and there is very little room for error in the...
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Keywords:
Restaurant;
New York City;
Location Choice;
Entrepreneurship;
Food;
Geographic Location;
Food and Beverage Industry;
New York (city, NY)
Kerr, William R., and Alexis Brownell. "Desi Shack: Location Choice in the Big Apple." Harvard Business School Case 814-012, August 2013.