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- All HBS Web (1,170)
- Faculty Publications (215)
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- September 2020 (Revised July 2022)
- Teaching Note
Algorithmic Bias in Marketing
By: Ayelet Israeli and Eva Ascarza
Teaching Note for HBS No. 521-020. This note focuses on algorithmic bias in marketing. First, it presents a variety of marketing examples in which algorithmic bias may occur. The examples are organized around the 4 P’s of marketing – promotion, price, place and...
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- 14 Feb 2011
- Research & Ideas
Clay Christensen’s Milkshake Marketing
Updated to clarify a failure rate figure included in an earlier version. When planning new products, companies often start by segmenting their markets and positioning their merchandise accordingly. This segmentation involves either...
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- April 2020
- Article
Technological Leadership (de)Concentration: Causes in Information and Communication Technology Equipment
By: Yasin Ozcan and Shane Greenstein
Using patent data from 1976 to 2010 as indicators of inventive activity, we determine the concentration level of where inventive ideas originate and then examine how and why those concentrations change over time. The analysis finds pervasive deconcentration in every...
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Keywords:
Deconcentration;
Technological Innovation;
Innovation Leadership;
Patents;
Market Entry and Exit;
Telecommunications Industry
Ozcan, Yasin, and Shane Greenstein. "Technological Leadership (de)Concentration: Causes in Information and Communication Technology Equipment." Industrial and Corporate Change 29, no. 2 (April 2020): 241–263. (Winner of the Industry Studies Association 2021 Ralph Gomory Award for Best Paper.)
- July 2021
- Article
Augmenting Markets with Mechanisms
By: Samuel Antill and Darrell Duffie
We explain how the common practice of size-discovery trade detracts from overall financial market efficiency. At each of a series of size-discovery sessions, traders report their desired trades, generating allocations of the asset and cash that rely on the most recent...
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Keywords:
Mechanism Design;
Price Impact;
Size Discovery;
Allocative Efficiency;
Workup;
Dark Pool;
Financial Markets;
Market Design;
Performance Efficiency
Antill, Samuel, and Darrell Duffie. "Augmenting Markets with Mechanisms." Review of Economic Studies 88, no. 4 (July 2021): 1665–1719.
- July 2005
- Article
Price Improvement in Dealership Markets
By: Matthew Rhodes-Kropf
Price improvement refers to the practice whereby dealers order executions that improve on quoted prices. Why are these improvements given? Standard thinking is that competition causes dealers to give better prices to customers with less information. This paper...
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Keywords:
Price;
Markets;
Competition;
Information;
Customers;
Negotiation;
Mission and Purpose;
Practice;
Theory;
Performance Improvement;
Bids and Bidding;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Rhodes-Kropf, Matthew. "Price Improvement in Dealership Markets." Journal of Business 78, no. 4 (July 2005): 1137–1172.
- 20 Oct 2011
- Research & Ideas
Getting the Marketing Mix Right
models—logit, nested logit, and probit, for example—are flawed because they make it appear as if all marketing activities produce the same results, the researchers contend. In reality, differences between various View Details
Keywords:
by Dina Gerdeman
- Article
Does 'Liking' Lead to Loving? The Impact of Joining a Brand's Social Network on Marketing Outcomes
Does “liking” a brand on Facebook cause a person to view it more favorably? Or is “liking” simply a symptom of being fond of a brand? We disentangle these possibilities and find evidence for the latter: brand attitudes and purchasing are predicted by consumers’...
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Keywords:
Brands;
Marketing Effectiveness;
Brand Evaluation;
Peer Influence;
Brands and Branding;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Social Media
John, Leslie K., Oliver Emrich, Sunil Gupta, and Michael I. Norton. "Does 'Liking' Lead to Loving? The Impact of Joining a Brand's Social Network on Marketing Outcomes." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 54, no. 1 (February 2017): 144–155.
- 2009
- Working Paper
Gray Markets and Multinational Transfer Pricing
By: Romana L. Autrey and Francesco Bova
Gray markets arise when a manufacturer's products are sold outside of its authorized channels, for instance when goods designated for a foreign market are resold domestically. One method multinationals use to combat gray markets is to increase internal transfer prices...
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Keywords:
Price;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Demand and Consumers;
Distribution Channels;
Business and Government Relations;
Sales;
Competitive Strategy
Autrey, Romana L., and Francesco Bova. "Gray Markets and Multinational Transfer Pricing." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-098, February 2009. (Revised October 2009.)
- July 2009
- Article
Bad Riddance or Good Rubbish? Ownership and Not Loss Aversion Causes the Endowment Effect
By: C. K. Morewedge, L. L. Shu, D. T. Gilbert and T. D. Wilson
People typically demand more to relinquish the goods they own than they would be willing to pay to acquire those goods if they didn't already own them (the endowment effect). The standard economic explanation of this phenomenon is that people expect the pain of...
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Morewedge, C. K., L. L. Shu, D. T. Gilbert, and T. D. Wilson. "Bad Riddance or Good Rubbish? Ownership and Not Loss Aversion Causes the Endowment Effect." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 45, no. 4 (July 2009): 947–951.
- August 2011 (Revised September 2011)
- Supplement
The Dannon Company: Marketing and Corporate Social Responsibility (B)
By: Christopher Marquis and Bobbi Thomason
Details Dannon's decision to initiate a cause marketing program focused on breast cancer to directly compete with Yoplait.
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Marquis, Christopher, and Bobbi Thomason. "The Dannon Company: Marketing and Corporate Social Responsibility (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 412-047, August 2011. (Revised September 2011.)
- 07 Jan 2002
- Research & Ideas
How Marketing Can Reduce Worldwide Poverty
On the face of it, social marketing is a cinch. Here's one scenario. You as a marketer want people who are living in poverty to take better care of their health. So, given your profession, what do you do?...
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Keywords:
by Martha Lagace
- 19 Sep 2007
- Working Paper Summaries
Strategic Interactions in Two-Sided Market Oligopolies
Keywords:
by Emmanuel Farhi & Andrei Hagiu
- 30 Nov 2016
- Working Paper Summaries
The Stock Market and Bank Risk-Taking
- 2024
- Working Paper
Internal and External Capital Markets of Large Banks
By: Jonathan Wallen, Marco Macchiavelli and Lina Lu
We study the internal capital markets of large U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs). Within the BHC, commercial bank and broker-dealer divisions have different investment opportunities and actively share funding. We measure broker-dealer investment opportunities using...
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Wallen, Jonathan, Marco Macchiavelli, and Lina Lu. "Internal and External Capital Markets of Large Banks." Working Paper, May 2024.
- August 2015
- Article
Pricing and Efficiency in the Market for IP Addresses
By: Benjamin Edelman and Michael Schwarz
We consider market rules for transferring IP addresses, numeric identifiers required by all computers connected to the Internet. Transfers usefully move resources from lowest- to highest-valuation networks, but transfers tend to cause socially costly growth in the...
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Keywords:
Externalities;
Intermediaries;
Market Design;
Internet;
Web Services Industry;
Telecommunications Industry
Edelman, Benjamin, and Michael Schwarz. "Pricing and Efficiency in the Market for IP Addresses." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 7, no. 3 (August 2015): 1–23. (lead article.)
- 23 Apr 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
Corporate Financial Policies in Misvalued Credit Markets
- 2008
- Working Paper
Competition and Resource Sensitivity in Marriage and Roommate Markets
By: Bettina-Elisabeth Klaus
We consider one-to-one matching markets in which agents can either be matched as pairs or remain single. In these so-called roommate markets agents are consumers and resources at the same time. We investigate two new properties that capture the effect a newcomer has on...
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Klaus, Bettina-Elisabeth. "Competition and Resource Sensitivity in Marriage and Roommate Markets." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-072, December 2008.
- 04 Mar 2015
- What Do You Think?
Can a Laissez-Faire Approach Fix Labor Market Inequality?
Summing Up When Is It In An Employer's Self-Interest to Voluntarily Raise All Wages? A laissez-faire approach to fixing labor market inequality has widespread appeal, judging by responses to this month's column. For some it is an ideal,...
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- 18 Jul 2005
- Research & Ideas
Identify Emerging Market Opportunities
Companies are increasingly looking to emerging markets like China as a vital source of growth. The problem is these companies often lack an effective strategy for identifying which countries to do business with. In a June Harvard Business...
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- January 2009 (Revised November 2010)
- Case
The Dojima Rice Market and the Origins of Futures Trading
By: David A. Moss and Eugene Kintgen
In 1730, Japanese merchants petitioned shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune to officially authorize trade in rice futures at the Dojima Exchange, the world's first organized (but unsanctioned) futures market. For many years, the Japanese government had prohibited the trade of...
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Keywords:
Futures and Commodity Futures;
Price;
Food;
Business History;
Market Transactions;
Business and Government Relations;
Japan
Moss, David A., and Eugene Kintgen. "The Dojima Rice Market and the Origins of Futures Trading." Harvard Business School Case 709-044, January 2009. (Revised November 2010.)