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All HBS Web
(2,934)
- Faculty Publications (556)
- 2012
- Chapter
The Confederacy of Heterogeneous Software Organizations and Heterogeneous Developers: Field Experimental Evidence on Sorting and Worker Effort
By: Kevin J. Boudreau and Karim R. Lakhani
Software development occurs in a patchwork or "confederacy" of different types of institutions (universities, small start-ups, multinational enterprises, government agencies, etc.) utilizing varied work approaches. Here we speculate on one possible explanation for this...
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Keywords:
Innovation and Invention;
Applications and Software;
Product Development;
Organizations;
Employees;
Behavior;
Competition;
Cooperation;
Creativity;
Information Technology Industry
Boudreau, Kevin J., and Karim R. Lakhani. "The Confederacy of Heterogeneous Software Organizations and Heterogeneous Developers: Field Experimental Evidence on Sorting and Worker Effort." In The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited, edited by Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, 483–502. University of Chicago Press, 2012.
- 2012
- Working Paper
~Why Do We Redistribute so Much but Tag so Little? Normative Diversity, Equal Sacrifice and Optimal Taxation
Tagging is a free lunch in conventional optimal tax theory because it eases the classic tradeoff between efficiency and equality. But tagging is used in only limited ways in tax policy. I propose one explanation: conventional optimal tax theory has yet to capture the...
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Keywords:
Forecasting and Prediction;
Cost;
Framework;
Policy;
Taxation;
Analytics and Data Science;
Performance Efficiency;
United States
Weinzierl, Matthew. "~Why Do We Redistribute so Much but Tag so Little? Normative Diversity, Equal Sacrifice and Optimal Taxation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-064, January 2012. (Revised August 2012. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 18045, August 2012)
- January 2012 (Revised September 2015)
- Case
Tough Decisions at Marks and Spencer
By: George Serafeim
In 2007, under the leadership of CEO Stuart Rose, the iconic British retailer Marks and Spencer, with great fanfare, announced its "Plan A" initiative. Based on the five essential pillars of climate change, waste, sustainable materials, fair partnership, and health,...
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Keywords:
Decision Making;
Environmental Sustainability;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Corporate Strategy;
Retail Industry
Eccles, Robert G., George Serafeim, and Kyle Armbrester. "Tough Decisions at Marks and Spencer." Harvard Business School Case 112-062, January 2012. (Revised September 2015.)
- 2014
- Working Paper
Team Scaffolds: How Meso-Level Structures Support Role-based Coordination in Temporary Groups
By: Melissa A. Valentine and Amy C. Edmondson
This paper shows how meso-level structures support effective coordination in temporary groups. Prior research on coordination in temporary groups describes how roles encode individual responsibilities so that coordination between relative strangers is possible. We...
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Keywords:
Fluid Personnel;
Team Scaffolds;
Team Effectiveness;
Role-based Coordination;
Multi-method;
Health Care and Treatment;
Analytics and Data Science;
Knowledge Use and Leverage;
Organizational Structure;
Outcome or Result;
Performance Effectiveness;
Groups and Teams;
Networks;
Behavior;
Balance and Stability;
Health Industry
Valentine, Melissa A., and Amy C. Edmondson. "Team Scaffolds: How Meso-Level Structures Support Role-based Coordination in Temporary Groups." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-062, January 2012. (Revised June 2014.)
- Forthcoming
- Chapter
Cognitive Barriers to Environmental Action: Problems and Solutions
By: Lisa L. Shu and Max Bazerman
Shu, Lisa L., and Max Bazerman. "Cognitive Barriers to Environmental Action: Problems and Solutions." In The Oxford Handbook of Business and the Natural Environment, edited by Pratima Bansal and Andrew J. Hoffman. Oxford University Press, 2012.
- 2012
- Article
Do Voters Demand Responsive Governments? Evidence from Indian Disaster Relief
By: Shawn Cole, Andrew Healy and Eric Werker
Using rainfall, public relief, and election data from India, we examine how governments respond to adverse shocks and how voters react to these responses. The data show that voters punish the incumbent party for weather events beyond its control. However, fewer voters...
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Keywords:
Political Elections;
System Shocks;
Natural Disasters;
Policy;
Motivation and Incentives;
Public Opinion;
India
Cole, Shawn, Andrew Healy, and Eric Werker. "Do Voters Demand Responsive Governments? Evidence from Indian Disaster Relief." Journal of Development Economics 97, no. 2 (March 2012): 167–181.
- 2012
- Chapter
Institutional Pressures and Organizational Characteristics: Implications for Environmental Strategy
By: Magali A. Delmas and Michael W. Toffel
A broad literature has emerged over the past decades demonstrating that firms' environmental strategies and practices are influenced by stakeholders and institutional pressures. Such findings are consistent with institutional sociology, which emphasizes the importance...
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Keywords:
Management Practices and Processes;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Natural Environment;
Business Strategy
Delmas, Magali A., and Michael W. Toffel. "Institutional Pressures and Organizational Characteristics: Implications for Environmental Strategy." In The Oxford Handbook of Business and the Natural Environment, edited by Pratima Bansal and Andrew J. Hoffman. Oxford University Press, 2012.
- 2012
- Article
Wider dem sauren Mund. Beiersdorfs U.S.-Geschaeft mit der Zahnpastamarke Pebeco
By: G. Jones and Christina Lubinski
This article examines the growth and ultimate demise of the toothpaste brand Pebeco, which was created by the German personal care company Beiersdorf in 1903. The brand was an enormous international success, becoming for a time the largest toothpaste brand in the...
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Keywords:
Growth and Development;
Market Entry and Exit;
Problems and Challenges;
Marketing Strategy;
Markets;
Change;
Customers;
Social Psychology;
Science;
Brands and Branding;
Competitive Strategy;
Consumer Products Industry;
United States;
Germany
Jones, G., and Christina Lubinski. "Wider dem sauren Mund. Beiersdorfs U.S.-Geschaeft mit der Zahnpastamarke Pebeco." Hamburger Wirtschafts-Chronik 9 (2012): 141–165.
- December 2011 (Revised May 2015)
- Case
Aviva Investors
By: George Serafeim
The Aviva Investors case describes the challenge of integrating sustainability considerations into the strategy and business practices of companies and into the decision making process of the investment community. Steve Waygood, Chief Responsible Investment Officer at...
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Keywords:
Investing;
Investment Management;
Shareholder Activism;
Disclosure;
Stock Exchanges;
Sustainability;
Sustainable Development;
Sustainability Reporting;
ESG;
ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance;
Social Impact;
Activism;
Investment;
Management;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Environmental Sustainability;
United Kingdom
Serafeim, George, Robert G. Eccles, and Kyle Armbrester. "Aviva Investors." Harvard Business School Case 112-047, December 2011. (Revised May 2015.)
- December 2011 (Revised November 2012)
- Case
Sustainable Tea at Unilever
By: Rebecca M. Henderson and Frederik Nellemann
Unilever's Lipton Tea had been successful with the first phase of its certification partnership with Rainforest Alliance. Now the company faced challenges in how to push forward with the transformation of more difficult parts of the supply chain and how to market...
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Keywords:
Environmental Sustainability;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Marketing;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry
Henderson, Rebecca M., and Frederik Nellemann. "Sustainable Tea at Unilever." Harvard Business School Case 712-438, December 2011. (Revised November 2012.)
- 2011
- Working Paper
Discretion Within the Constraints of Opportunity: Gender Homophily and Structure in a Formal Organization
By: Adam M. Kleinbaum, Toby E. Stuart and Michael L. Tushman
Homophily in social relations is widely documented. We know that homophily results from both individual preferences and uneven opportunities for interaction, but how these two mechanisms interact in formal organizations is not well understood. We argue that...
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Keywords:
Interactive Communication;
Analytics and Data Science;
Organizational Structure;
Partners and Partnerships;
Behavior;
Internet and the Web;
Theory;
Information Technology Industry
Kleinbaum, Adam M., Toby E. Stuart, and Michael L. Tushman. "Discretion Within the Constraints of Opportunity: Gender Homophily and Structure in a Formal Organization." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-050, December 2011.
- 2011
- Article
Strategic Change and the Jazz Mindset: Exploring Practices That Enhance Dynamic Capabilities for Organizational Improvisation
By: Ethan S. Bernstein and Frank J. Barrett
How can leaders adopt a mindset that maximizes learning, remains responsive to short-term emergent opportunities, and simultaneously strengthens longer-term dynamic capabilities of the organization? This chapter explores the organizational decisions and practices...
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Keywords:
Dynamic Capabilities;
Strategic Change;
Jazz;
Jazz Mindset;
Improvisation;
Innovation;
Change Management;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Management;
Innovation Leadership;
Knowledge Use and Leverage;
Leading Change;
Leadership Style;
Leadership;
Management;
Management Style;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Organizations;
Creativity;
Strategy;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry;
United States;
Japan;
Taiwan;
Europe;
Asia
Bernstein, Ethan S., and Frank J. Barrett. "Strategic Change and the Jazz Mindset: Exploring Practices That Enhance Dynamic Capabilities for Organizational Improvisation." Research in Organizational Change and Development 19 (2011): 55–90.
- October 3, 2011
- Blog Post
Putting Steve Jobs in Perspective
By: Nancy F. Koehn
Koehn, Nancy F. "Putting Steve Jobs in Perspective." Washington Post, On Leadership (October 3, 2011). http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-leadership/putting-steve-jobs-in-perspective/2011/10/03/gIQALvCHIL_story.html.
- September 2011 (Revised February 2013)
- Case
Trucost: Valuing Corporate Environmental Impacts
By: Michael W. Toffel and Stephanie van Sice
Trucost provided corporate environmental performance data and analysis to institutional investors and corporate managers, but after operating for a decade had yet to achieve profitability. Trucost was struggling to effectively differentiate its high quality products...
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Keywords:
Competitive Strategy;
Knowledge Use and Leverage;
Distribution Channels;
Investment;
Measurement and Metrics;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Information;
Value;
Environmental Sustainability;
Financial Services Industry
Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "Trucost: Valuing Corporate Environmental Impacts." Harvard Business School Case 612-025, September 2011. (Revised February 2013.)
- 2011
- Book
Getting to Giving: Fundraising the Entrepreneurial Way
By: Howard H. Stevenson and Shirley M. Spence
Getting to Giving is based on Stevenson's many years as a donor, fundraiser and entrepreneur. The book offers practical techniques and real life stories, and brings passion and humor to the art and science of asking for money. Topics included in the book...
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Keywords:
Fund Raising;
Fundraising;
Non-profit Management;
Strategy;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving
Stevenson, Howard H., and Shirley M. Spence. Getting to Giving: Fundraising the Entrepreneurial Way. Belmont, MA: Timberline LLC, 2011.
- Article
Market Interest in Nonfinancial Information
By: R. G. Eccles, Michael P. Krzus and George Serafeim
Market interest in nonfinancial (e.g., Environmental, Social, and Governance [ESG]) information, including data produced by the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), is growing. Using data from Bloomberg we analyze this interest from a variety of different perspectives, and...
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Keywords:
Markets;
Analytics and Data Science;
Perspective;
Environmental Sustainability;
Social Issues;
Corporate Disclosure;
Projects;
Interests
Eccles, R. G., Michael P. Krzus, and George Serafeim. "Market Interest in Nonfinancial Information." Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 23, no. 4 (Fall 2011): 113–127.
- Article
The Factor Environmental Ratings Miss
By: Auden Schendler and Michael W. Toffel
There's a problem with most major environmental rankings of businesses: too often, the ratings fail to incorporate advocacy activities that influence environmental regulation.
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Keywords:
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Problems and Challenges;
Rank and Position;
Environmental Sustainability;
Power and Influence
Schendler, Auden, and Michael W. Toffel. "The Factor Environmental Ratings Miss." MIT Sloan Management Review 53, no. 1 (Fall 2011): 17–18.
- July 2011 (Revised April 2012)
- Case
The Clorox Company: Leveraging Green for Growth
By: Elie Ofek and Lauren Barley
The Clorox Company needs to decide on the marketing strategy going forward for its three sustainable brands, Brita, Burt's Bees and Green Works. These brands had fared differently over the past 3 years and each presents multiple courses of action heading into 2011....
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Keywords:
Decision Making;
Managerial Roles;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing Strategy;
Social Marketing;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Sales;
Opportunities;
Corporate Strategy;
Environmental Sustainability;
Chemical Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry
Ofek, Elie, and Lauren Barley. "The Clorox Company: Leveraging Green for Growth." Harvard Business School Case 512-009, July 2011. (Revised April 2012.)
- July 2011 (Revised June 2013)
- Case
Foxconn Technology Group (A)
By: Robert G. Eccles, George Serafeim and Beiting Cheng
In 2010, Foxconn Technology Group, the largest and fastest growing multinational company in the Electronic Manufacturing Services (EMS) industry, came under public scrutiny after a string of employee suicides reached the international press. Although the company was...
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Keywords:
Multinational;
Labor Market;
Electronic Manufacturing Services;
Health & Wellness;
Robots;
Automation;
Social Responsibility;
Employee Relationship Management;
Leadership;
Stocks;
Social Issues;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Capital Markets;
Supply Chain Management;
Safety;
Environmental Accounting;
Human Capital;
Human Resources;
Electronics Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
China
Eccles, Robert G., George Serafeim, and Beiting Cheng. "Foxconn Technology Group (A)." Harvard Business School Case 112-002, July 2011. (Revised June 2013.)
- July 2011 (Revised January 2013)
- Case
Digital Microscopy Is Making Me Crazy!
By: Willy Shih
For Carl Zeiss Microimaging, modular hardware and software enabled customers to tailor Zeiss's broad range of microscopy systems hardware and software to meet a wide range of needs from basic scientific research in the biological and medical sciences to clinical...
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Keywords:
Information Infrastructure;
Applications and Software;
Corporate Strategy;
Disruptive Innovation;
Science-Based Business;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques;
Business Conglomerates;
Digital Platforms;
Opportunities;
Computer Industry;
Computer Industry
Shih, Willy. "Digital Microscopy Is Making Me Crazy!" Harvard Business School Case 612-002, July 2011. (Revised January 2013.)