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- All HBS Web (2,641)
- Faculty Publications (893)
- July 1982 (Revised December 1984)
- Case
Esmark, Inc. (A)
Involves the management of a firm with a market value of a going concern that is less than its breakup value. How does management maximize value for shareholders in this environment?
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Fruhan, William E., Jr. "Esmark, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 283-013, July 1982. (Revised December 1984.)
- August 1996
- Article
When Do Joint Ventures Create Value?
By: Ashish Nanda and P. Mohanram
Firms enter into joint ventures when their performance is deteriorating. Parent firms earn significant positive returns around announcements. However, at joint venture level, market value weighted return is insignificant. The stock market reacts negatively to ventures...
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Nanda, Ashish, and P. Mohanram. "When Do Joint Ventures Create Value?" Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings 1996, no. 1 (August 1996): 36–40.
- 2012
- Article
The Cost and Timing of Financial Distress
By: Christopher Parsons
Assessments of the trade-off theory have typically compared the present value of tax benefits to the present value of bankruptcy costs. We verify that this comparison overwhelmingly favors tax benefits, suggesting that firms are under-leveraged. However, when we...
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Parsons, Christopher. "The Cost and Timing of Financial Distress." Journal of Financial Economics 105, no. 1 (July 2012): 62–81.
- May 1991 (Revised May 2001)
- Case
Pinkerton (A)
A California based security guard firm considers the acquisition of another security guard company. The value of the target firm and the financing of the acquisition are the key issues.
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Mason, Scott P., and Adam Berger. "Pinkerton (A)." Harvard Business School Case 291-051, May 1991. (Revised May 2001.)
- August 2021 (Revised April 2022)
- Case
Intenseye: Powering Workplace Health and Safety with AI
By: Michael W. Toffel and Youssef Abdel Aal
Intenseye was a Turkey-based technology startup that deployed machine learning algorithms to workplace camera feeds in order to identify unsafe worker actions and unsafe working conditions, in order to help improve worker safety. The case describes how Intenseye’s...
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Keywords:
Privacy;
Product Development;
Operations;
Technological Innovation;
Value Creation;
Production;
Distribution;
Safety;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Technology Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
Distribution Industry;
Turkey;
Middle East;
United States
Toffel, Michael W., and Youssef Abdel Aal. "Intenseye: Powering Workplace Health and Safety with AI." Harvard Business School Case 622-037, August 2021. (Revised April 2022.)
- February 2003
- Article
Which Ties Matter When? The Contingent Effects of Interorganizational Partnerships on IPO Success
By: Ranjay Gulati and M. Higgins
This paper investigates the contingent value of interorganizational relationships at the time of a young firm's initial public offering (IPO). We compare the signaling value to young firms of having ties with two types of interorganizational partnerships: endorsement...
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Keywords:
Interorganizatonal Relationships;
Networks;
Venture Capital;
Initial Public Offering;
Entrepreneurship;
Biotechnology Industry
Gulati, Ranjay, and M. Higgins. "Which Ties Matter When? The Contingent Effects of Interorganizational Partnerships on IPO Success." Strategic Management Journal 24, no. 2 (February 2003): 127–144.
- 2009
- Working Paper
The Impact of Private Equity Ownership on Portfolio Firms' Corporate Tax Planning
By: Brad Badertscher, Sharon P. Katz and Sonja Olhoft Rego
This study investigates whether private equity (PE) firms influence the tax practices of their portfolio firms. Prior research documents that PE firms create economic value in portfolio firms through effective governance, financial, and operational engineering. Given...
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Keywords:
Private Equity;
Investment Portfolio;
Corporate Governance;
Taxation;
Ownership Stake;
Value Creation
Badertscher, Brad, Sharon P. Katz, and Sonja Olhoft Rego. "The Impact of Private Equity Ownership on Portfolio Firms' Corporate Tax Planning." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-004, July 2009. (Revised March 2010.)
- February 2022 (Revised March 2022)
- Case
MicroStrategy's Investment in Bitcoin
By: C. Fritz Foley
At the end of the second quarter of 2020, MicroStrategy, a Virginia based provider of analytics software and services, announced plans to acquire and hold bitcoin as a part of the firm’s treasury reserve policy and corporate strategy. Within a year, the firm purchased...
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Foley, C. Fritz. "MicroStrategy's Investment in Bitcoin." Harvard Business School Case 222-048, February 2022. (Revised March 2022.)
- December 2017 (Revised January 2018)
- Teaching Note
Bega Cheese: Bidding to Bring Vegemite Back Home
By: Benjamin C. Esty, Lauren G. Pickle and Greg Saldutte
In January 2017, the leadership team of Bega Cheese—the Australian dairy company—was considering a bid for Mondelēz International’s Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) grocery business which included several leading consumer brands such as Vegemite, the iconic Australian...
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Keywords:
Mergers & Acquisitions;
Value Drivers;
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF);
Dairy Industry;
Corporate Scope;
Diversification;
Consumer Goods;
Iconic Brands;
Australia;
Corporate Finance;
Bidding Strategy;
Cross Border;
Financing;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Valuation;
Value Creation;
Business Divisions;
Capital Structure;
Food;
Bids and Bidding;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Australia;
United States
Ivashina, Victoria, Alexey Tuzikov, and Abhijit Tagade. "Valuation Techniques in Private Equity: LBO Model." Harvard Business School Background Note 218-106, June 2018.
- May 1993 (Revised December 1994)
- Background Note
Geography of Competition and Strategy, The
Addresses the role of geographic scope in competition and strategy. Makes distinctions between the geographic scope of competition (or the effective area over which firms compete), the geographic scope of competitive advantage (or the geographic area from which a firm...
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Enright, Michael J. "Geography of Competition and Strategy, The." Harvard Business School Background Note 793-135, May 1993. (Revised December 1994.)
- May 2009
- Article
Customer-Based Valuation
By: Sunil Gupta
Customer lifetime value (CLV) has emerged as an important metric to manage and grow customers. Marketing scholars have written many books and articles on this topic. However, most of this research has focused on tactical marketing decisions. While this is important, it...
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Gupta, Sunil. "Customer-Based Valuation." Journal of Interactive Marketing 23, no. 2 (May 2009): 169–178.
- 09 May 2013
- HBS Seminar
D.J. Wu, Georgia Tech
- March 2022 (Revised February 2024)
- Case
Applied Intuition: Powering Autonomy
By: Andy Wu, Rocio Wu and Matt Higgins
Applied Intuition, a leader in autonomous vehicle simulation software, has just closed on a $175 million round of Series D financing that values the four-year-old firm at $3.6 billion. With the immediate future secure, CEO Qasar Younis must now chart a strategic course...
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Keywords:
Autonomous Vehicles;
Software;
Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Valuation;
Auto Industry;
Technology Industry;
California;
Detroit
Wu, Andy, Rocio Wu, and Matt Higgins. "Applied Intuition: Powering Autonomy." Harvard Business School Case 722-407, March 2022. (Revised February 2024.)
- July 2009 (Revised August 2011)
- Case
What Happened at Citigroup? (A)
By: Clayton S. Rose and Aldo Sesia
What went wrong at Citigroup? In 1998, the Travelers Group and Citicorp merged to create Citigroup Inc., considered the first true global "financial supermarket" and a business model to be envied, feared, and emulated. By year-end 2006 the firm had a market...
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Keywords:
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Business Model;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Leadership;
Risk Management;
Failure;
Financial Services Industry
Rose, Clayton S., and Aldo Sesia. "What Happened at Citigroup? (A)." Harvard Business School Case 310-004, July 2009. (Revised August 2011.)
Carolyn J. Fu
Carolyn Fu is an assistant professor of business administration in the Strategy Unit. She studies innovation strategy—specifically, how firms can uncover new sources of value through their interactions with the wider innovation ecosystem. Her research explores... View Details
- 22 Aug 2007
- Research & Ideas
The Hedge Fund as Activist
recent academic papers have found that hedge funds generate returns of over 5 percent on announcement of their involvement, suggesting that investors believe these funds will increase the value of the firms...
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- Article
How Big are the Private Equity Transactions in Latin America?: Evidence from Twenty-five Countries from 2001 to 2008
By: Roberto Charvel
This article shows evidence on private equity transaction size and firm value size in 25 Latin American countries.
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Keywords:
Private Equity;
Venture Capital;
Alternative Assets;
Latin America;
Emerging Market;
Entrepreneurial Finance;
Business Ventures;
Finance;
Entrepreneurship;
Financial Services Industry;
Latin America
Charvel, Roberto. "How Big are the Private Equity Transactions in Latin America? Evidence from Twenty-five Countries from 2001 to 2008." Venture Equity Latin America (2009). (Mid-year Report.)
- 2023
- Working Paper
Evaluation and Learning in R&D Investment
By: Alexander P. Frankel, Joshua L. Krieger, Danielle Li and Dimitris Papanikolaou
We examine the role of spillover learning in shaping the value of exploratory versus incremental
R&D. Using data from drug development, we show that novel drug candidates generate more
knowledge spillovers than incremental ones. Despite being less likely to reach...
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Frankel, Alexander P., Joshua L. Krieger, Danielle Li, and Dimitris Papanikolaou. "Evaluation and Learning in R&D Investment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-074, May 2023. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31290, May 2023.)
- 16 Jul 2024
- Research & Ideas
Weighing Digital Tradeoffs in Private Equity
innovation, PE firms are discovering new sources of value creation, new research shows. Moreover, the PE industry itself has become more competitive as the number of PE firms...
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- September 2011
- Article
Information Risk and Fair Value: An Examination of Equity Betas
By: Edward J. Riedl and George Serafeim
Using a sample of U.S. financial institutions, we exploit recent mandatory disclosures of financial instruments designated as fair value level 1, 2, and 3 to test whether greater information risk in financial instrument fair values leads to higher cost of capital. We...
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Keywords:
Forecasting and Prediction;
Assets;
Cost of Capital;
Financial Institutions;
Financial Instruments;
Corporate Disclosure;
Information;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Value;
United States
Riedl, Edward J., and George Serafeim. "Information Risk and Fair Value: An Examination of Equity Betas." Journal of Accounting Research 49, no. 4 (September 2011): 1083–1122.