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  • All HBS Web  (854)
    • News  (79)
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    • Events  (14)
    • Multimedia  (4)
  • Faculty Publications  (632)
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  • September 2025
  • Article

Using Satellites and Phones to Evaluate and Promote Agricultural Technology Adoption: Evidence from Smallholder Farms in India

By: Shawn Cole, Tomoko Harigaya, Grady Killeen and Aparna Krishna
This paper evaluates a low-cost, customized soil nutrient management advisory service in India. As a methodological contribution, we examine whether and in which settings satellite measurements may be effective at estimating both agricultural yields and treatment... View Details
Keywords: Measurement and Metrics; Mathematical Methods; Analytics and Data Science; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; India
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Cole, Shawn, Tomoko Harigaya, Grady Killeen, and Aparna Krishna. "Using Satellites and Phones to Evaluate and Promote Agricultural Technology Adoption: Evidence from Smallholder Farms in India." Journal of Development Economics 176 (September 2025).
  • 2024
  • Working Paper

What Is Newsworthy? Theory and Evidence

By: Luis Armona, Matthew Gentzkow, Emir Kamenica and Jesse M. Shapiro
We study newsworthiness in theory and practice. We focus on situations in which a news outlet observes the realization of a state of the world and must decide whether to report the realization to a consumer who pays an opportunity cost to consume the report. The... View Details
Keywords: News; Mathematical Methods; Prejudice and Bias; Media and Broadcasting Industry
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Armona, Luis, Matthew Gentzkow, Emir Kamenica, and Jesse M. Shapiro. "What Is Newsworthy? Theory and Evidence." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 32512, May 2024.
  • August 2022
  • Article

Contract Duration and the Costs of Market Transactions

By: Alexander MacKay
The optimal duration of a supply contract balances the costs of reselecting a supplier against the costs of being matched to an inefficient supplier when the contract lasts too long. I develop a structural model of contract duration that captures this tradeoff and... View Details
Keywords: Supply Contracts; Intermediate Goods; Switching Costs; Vertical Relationships; Transaction Costs; Contract Duration; Identification; Supply Chain; Cost; Contracts; Auctions; Mathematical Methods
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MacKay, Alexander. "Contract Duration and the Costs of Market Transactions." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 14, no. 3 (August 2022): 164–212.
  • 2012
  • Chapter

Knowledge-based Innovation: Emergence and Embedding of New Practice Areas in Management Consulting Firms

By: Heidi K. Gardner, N. Anand and Tim Morris
How do innovative knowledge-based structures emerge and become embedded in organizations? We drew on theories of knowledge-intensive firms, communities of practice, and professional service firms to analyze multiple cases of new practice area creation in management... View Details
Keywords: Competency and Skills; Innovation and Invention; Knowledge; Organizations; Practice; Mathematical Methods; Consulting Industry
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Gardner, Heidi K., N. Anand, and Tim Morris. "Knowledge-based Innovation: Emergence and Embedding of New Practice Areas in Management Consulting Firms." In Management Consulting, edited by Stephanos Avakian and Timothy Clark. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2012.
  • 2009
  • Working Paper

Smith and Rawls Share a Room: Stability and Medians

By: Bettina-Elisabeth Klaus and Flip Klijn
We consider one-to-one, one-sided matching (roommate) problems in which agents can either be matched as pairs or remain single. We introduce a so-called bi-choice graph for each pair of stable matchings and characterize its structure. Exploiting this structure we... View Details
Keywords: Fairness; One-Sided Platforms; Two-Sided Platforms; Marketplace Matching; Mathematical Methods; Balance and Stability
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Klaus, Bettina-Elisabeth, and Flip Klijn. "Smith and Rawls Share a Room: Stability and Medians." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-111, March 2009.
  • 2008
  • Chapter

Matching and Market Design

By: Muriel Niederle, Alvin E. Roth and Tayfun Sonmez
Matching is the part of economics concerned with who transacts with whom and how. Models of matching, starting with the Gale-Shapley deferred acceptance algorithm, have been particularly useful in studying labour markets and in helping design clearinghouses to fix... View Details
Keywords: Market Design; Marketplace Matching; Outcome or Result; Mathematical Methods
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Niederle, Muriel, Alvin E. Roth, and Tayfun Sonmez. "Matching and Market Design." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. 2nd ed. Edited by Steven Derlauf and Larry Blume. Hampshire, U.K.: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
  • January 2003 (Revised February 2011)
  • Tool

Business Analysis and Valuation Model (Version 5)

By: Paul M. Healy, Krishna G. Palepu and Jonathan Barnett
Once you enter company financial statements, this software enables you to standardize them to a common format, make any needed adjustments to the company's accounting, and make assumptions about the company's future performance. The model then provides financial ratios... View Details
Keywords: Financial Statements; Standards; Mathematical Methods; Valuation
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"Business Analysis and Valuation Model (Version 5)." Harvard Business School Tool 103-701, January 2003. (Revised February 2011.)
  • 19 Oct 2017
  • Working Paper Summaries

Games of Threats

Keywords: by Elon Kohlberg and Abraham Neyman; Education
  • November 2024
  • Article

Preference Externality Estimators: A Comparison of Border Approaches and IVs

By: Xi Ling, Wesley R. Hartmann and Tomomichi Amano
This paper compares two estimators—the Border Approach and an Instrumental Variable (IV) estimator—using a unified framework where identifying variation arises from “preference externalities,” following the intuition in Waldfogel (2003). We highlight two dimensions in... View Details
Keywords: Econometrics; Casual Inference; Marketing; Economics; Advertising; Mathematical Methods
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Ling, Xi, Wesley R. Hartmann, and Tomomichi Amano. "Preference Externality Estimators: A Comparison of Border Approaches and IVs." Management Science 70, no. 11 (November 2024): 7892–7910.
  • February 2005
  • Article

An Econometric Analysis of Inventory Turnover Performance in Retail Services

By: Vishal Gaur, Marshall L. Fisher and Ananth Raman
Keywords: Mathematical Methods; Assets; Performance; Sales; Retail Industry
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Gaur, Vishal, Marshall L. Fisher, and Ananth Raman. "An Econometric Analysis of Inventory Turnover Performance in Retail Services." Management Science 51, no. 2 (February 2005): 181–194.
  • July 2019
  • Article

Optimal Capital Structure and Bankruptcy Choice: Dynamic Bargaining vs Liquidation

By: Samuel Antill and Steven R. Grenadier
We model a firm’s optimal capital structure decision in a framework in which it may later choose to enter either Chapter 11 reorganization or Chapter 7 liquidation. Creditors anticipate equityholders’ ex-post reorganization incentives and price them into the ex-ante... View Details
Keywords: Default; Dynamic Bargaining; Capital Structure; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Mathematical Methods
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Antill, Samuel, and Steven R. Grenadier. "Optimal Capital Structure and Bankruptcy Choice: Dynamic Bargaining vs Liquidation." Journal of Financial Economics 133, no. 1 (July 2019): 198–224.
  • 2018
  • Working Paper

Algorithm Appreciation: People Prefer Algorithmic to Human Judgment

By: Jennifer M. Logg, Julia A. Minson and Don A. Moore
Even though computational algorithms often outperform human judgment, received wisdom suggests that people may be skeptical of relying on them (Dawes, 1979). Counter to this notion, results from six experiments show that lay people adhere more to advice when they think... View Details
Keywords: Algorithms; Accuracy; Advice Taking; Forecasting; Theory Of Machine; Mathematical Methods; Decision Making; Forecasting and Prediction; Trust
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Logg, Jennifer M., Julia A. Minson, and Don A. Moore. "Algorithm Appreciation: People Prefer Algorithmic to Human Judgment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-086, March 2017. (Revised April 2018.)
  • 2011
  • Working Paper

Price Competition under Multinomial Logit Demand Functions with Random Coefficients

In this paper, we postulate a general class of price competition models with Mixed Multinomial Logit demand functions under affine cost functions. We first characterize the equilibrium behavior of this class of models in the case where each product in the market is... View Details
Keywords: Customers; Income Characteristics; Price; Product Marketing; Mathematical Methods; Competition; Segmentation
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Allon, Gad, Awi Federgruen, and Margaret Pierson. "Price Competition under Multinomial Logit Demand Functions with Random Coefficients." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-030, October 2011.
  • May 2004
  • Article

The Case for International Coordination of Electricity Regulation: Evidence from the Measurement of Efficiency in South America

A decade of experience has shown that monitoring the performance of public and private monopolies is the hardest part of electricity sector reform in South America—because operators control most of the information needed for effective regulation. South American... View Details
Keywords: Information; Mathematical Methods; Monopoly; Globalization; Energy Sources; Energy Industry; South America
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Ruzzier, Christian Alejandro, A. Estache, and M. Rossi. "The Case for International Coordination of Electricity Regulation: Evidence from the Measurement of Efficiency in South America." Journal of Regulatory Economics 25, no. 3 (May 2004): 271–295.
  • 1980
  • Chapter

Tests of Capital Market Theory and Implications of the Evidence

By: Michael Jensen
Keywords: Capital Markets; Mathematical Methods
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Jensen, Michael. "Tests of Capital Market Theory and Implications of the Evidence." In Handbook of Financial Economics, edited by J. L. Bicksler. North-Holland Publishing Company, 1980. (Originally published in Is Financial Analysis Useless? Proceedings of a Seminar on the Efficient Market and Random Walk Hypotheses (The Financial Analysts Research Foundation, 1975).)
  • 1983
  • Chapter

Statistical Methods for Auditing and Accounting

By: Robert S. Kaplan
Keywords: Accounting; Accounting Audits; Mathematical Methods
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Kaplan, Robert S. "Statistical Methods for Auditing and Accounting." Chap. 1 in Handbook of Modern Accounting. 3rd ed. Edited by Sidney Davidson and Roman L. Weil. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983. (Similar chapter also appeared in 2nd ed., 1977.)
  • Article

Value of Information with Sequential Futures Markets

By: Jerry R. Green
The effects of an improvement in information on the efficiency of risk-bearing are studied under various systems of incomplete markets. With sequential futures markets for uncontingent delivery, the welfare effects are indeterminate in sign, except under special... View Details
Keywords: Information; Financial Markets; Mathematical Methods
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Green, Jerry R. "Value of Information with Sequential Futures Markets." Econometrica 49, no. 2 (March 1981): 335–358.
  • March 2010
  • Article

Matching with Preferences over Colleagues Solves Classical Matching

By: Scott Duke Kominers
In this note, we demonstrate that the problem of "many-to-one matching with (strict) preferences over colleagues" is actually more difficult than the classical many-to-one matching problem, "matching without preferences over colleagues." We give an explicit reduction... View Details
Keywords: Two-Sided Platforms; Balance and Stability; Mathematical Methods
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Kominers, Scott Duke. "Matching with Preferences over Colleagues Solves Classical Matching." Games and Economic Behavior 68, no. 2 (March 2010): 773–780.
  • 18 Sep 2006
  • Research & Ideas

When Words Get in the Way: The Failure of Fiscal Language

arbitrary terms with no intrinsic meaning, a lesson that even economists have not learned. "On the General Relativity of Fiscal Language," a working paper for the National Bureau of Economic Research, provides a mathematical... View Details
Keywords: by Julia Hanna
  • 22 Oct 2020
  • Working Paper Summaries

Estimating Causal Effects in the Presence of Partial Interference Using Multivariate Bayesian Structural Time Series Models

Keywords: by Fiammetta Menchetti and Iavor Bojinov
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