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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (321)
Union →
- December 2006 (Revised March 2007)
- Case
Common Agricultural Policy and the Future of French Farming
By: J. Gunnar Trumbull, Vincent Marie Dessain and Elena Corsi
Presents the history and evolution of the EU Common Agricultural Policy, from early price supports to the 2003 decision to "decouple" payments to European farmers. Explores the logic behind agricultural supports, with a focus on the economic, political, and cultural...
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Keywords:
History;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Price;
Policy;
Trade;
Agribusiness;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
France;
European Union
Trumbull, J. Gunnar, Vincent Marie Dessain, and Elena Corsi. "Common Agricultural Policy and the Future of French Farming." Harvard Business School Case 707-027, December 2006. (Revised March 2007.)
- December 2006 (Revised March 2008)
- Case
The European Union in the 21st Century
Focuses on the challenges facing the European Union in 2006. Following the French and Dutch referendums in 2005, the fate of the European Constitution is in jeopardy. Ten new accession countries have just joined the EU, with Turkey in the beginning stages of the...
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Keywords:
Economic Growth;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Government Administration;
European Union
Trumbull, J. Gunnar. "The European Union in the 21st Century." Harvard Business School Case 707-021, December 2006. (Revised March 2008.)
- November 2006
- Case
Kroger Union Negotiations
By: Dennis A. Yao
A stylized version of the negotiations between Kroger Company and its local unions during the mid-1980s. Management faces a sequence of individual negotiations with local unions during a time of weak economic performance when management is seriously considering...
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- November 2006 (Revised December 2012)
- Background Note
Strategies Beyond the Market
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Dennis Yao
Strategists are not alone in finding failing markets irresistible. Governments and social groups ranging from unions to the World Wildlife Fund also respond to market failures. Governments typically seek to fix failing markets, often with prescriptions of what...
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Keywords:
Markets;
Failure;
Strategy;
Situation or Environment;
Social Issues;
Government and Politics;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, and Dennis Yao. "Strategies Beyond the Market." Harvard Business School Background Note 707-469, November 2006. (Revised December 2012.)
- October 2006 (Revised January 2008)
- Case
Allianz AG: Becoming a European Company
By: Jay W. Lorsch and Alexis Chernak
Focuses on the decision made by leadership at Allianz AG, the German insurance and financial services company, to complete a cross-border merger with the Italian insurance and financial services company, RAS. Allianz, however, could not complete the cross-border merger...
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Keywords:
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Business Organization;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Laws and Statutes;
European Union;
Germany;
Italy
Lorsch, Jay W., and Alexis Chernak. "Allianz AG: Becoming a European Company." Harvard Business School Case 407-049, October 2006. (Revised January 2008.)
- May 2006 (Revised October 2007)
- Case
EU Verdict Against Microsoft
By: David B. Yoffie and Michael Slind
In 2004, following an investigation that began in 1998, the European Commission (EC) issued an antitrust judgment against Microsoft Corp., levying a record fine of 497 million euros ($613 million) and mandating changes of commercial behavior and bundling of Windows...
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Keywords:
Judgments;
Governance Compliance;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Monopoly;
Business and Government Relations;
Competitive Strategy;
Software;
European Union;
United States
Yoffie, David B., and Michael Slind. "EU Verdict Against Microsoft." Harvard Business School Case 706-503, May 2006. (Revised October 2007.)
- March 2006 (Revised November 2006)
- Case
The Market and the Mountain Kingdom: Change in Lesotho's Textile Industry
By: Rawi E. Abdelal, Regina M. Abrami, Noel Maurer and Aldo Musacchio
In Maseru, the capital of the Kingdom of Lesotho, the stirrings of industrialization and modernization were promising, and more than 50,000 workers, mostly women, were employed in the textile sector; the figure reflected more than a threefold increase in just a few...
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Keywords:
History;
Labor Unions;
Trade;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Financial Crisis;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Business and Government Relations;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Fashion Industry;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
Lesotho
Abdelal, Rawi E., Regina M. Abrami, Noel Maurer, and Aldo Musacchio. "The Market and the Mountain Kingdom: Change in Lesotho's Textile Industry." Harvard Business School Case 706-043, March 2006. (Revised November 2006.)
- January 2006 (Revised December 2006)
- Case
Wal-Mart's Business Environment
In 2004, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. proposed to build a new supercenter in Inglewood, a low-income community near Los Angeles. The proposal was a part of Wal-Mart's strategy to bring its supercenter format to California. Introduced in the late 1980s, supercenters added a...
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Keywords:
Goals and Objectives;
Expansion;
Market Entry and Exit;
Corporate Strategy;
Labor Unions;
Conflict and Resolution;
Retail Industry;
Los Angeles
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix. "Wal-Mart's Business Environment." Harvard Business School Case 706-453, January 2006. (Revised December 2006.)
- November 2005 (Revised April 2006)
- Case
Brazil Sugar and the WTO: Agricultural Reform in the European Union
By: Ray A. Goldberg, Kerry Herman and Irina Tarsis
Pedro de Camargo Neto, Brazil's secretary of trade and production for the Ministry of Agriculture, has won a WTO sugar decision for Brazil against the EU sugar policies. This case analyzes what this decision will mean to world food policies, especially those of the EU...
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Keywords:
Agribusiness;
Trade;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Europe;
United States;
Brazil
Goldberg, Ray A., Kerry Herman, and Irina Tarsis. "Brazil Sugar and the WTO: Agricultural Reform in the European Union." Harvard Business School Case 906-408, November 2005. (Revised April 2006.)
- August 2005 (Revised October 2010)
- Background Note
European Financial Integration
By: Rawi E. Abdelal and Christopher Bruner
Provides background on the history and status of financial integration in the European Union. Describes the pertinent treaty-based "fundamental freedoms," emphasizes challenges to further cross-border consolidation in the banking sector, and examines the regulatory...
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Keywords:
Banks and Banking;
Financial Markets;
Financial Strategy;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Integration;
Banking Industry;
European Union
Abdelal, Rawi E., and Christopher Bruner. "European Financial Integration." Harvard Business School Background Note 706-010, August 2005. (Revised October 2010.)
- August 2005 (Revised March 2007)
- Case
Politics and Prudential Supervision: ABN Amro's Bid for Antonveneta (A)
By: Rawi E. Abdelal and Christopher Bruner
Involves the March 2005 takeover bid launched by ABN Amro, the Dutch bank, for Padua-based Banca Antoniana Popolare Veneta S.p.A. (Antonveneta)--a bid that many would view as a test of Italy's commitment to the creation of a single European market for financial...
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Keywords:
History;
Transformation;
Business and Government Relations;
Integration;
Competitive Strategy;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Emerging Markets;
Financial Markets;
Banks and Banking;
Financial Services Industry;
European Union;
Italy
Abdelal, Rawi E., and Christopher Bruner. "Politics and Prudential Supervision: ABN Amro's Bid for Antonveneta (A)." Harvard Business School Case 706-009, August 2005. (Revised March 2007.)
- August 2005 (Revised March 2024)
- Background Note
Spotting Institutional Voids in Emerging Markets
By: Tarun Khanna and Krishna Palepu
With the demise of communism, many countries in the world are striving to build their economic activity around markets and to participate in free trade arrangements, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), European Union (EU), and North American Free Trade...
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Keywords:
Emerging Markets
Khanna, Tarun, and Krishna Palepu. "Spotting Institutional Voids in Emerging Markets." Harvard Business School Background Note 106-014, August 2005. (Revised March 2024.)
- July 2005 (Revised March 2010)
- Case
Foreign Direct Investment and Ireland's Tiger Economy (A)
By: Laura Alfaro, Vinati Dev and Stephen McIntyre
Describes Ireland's transformation from one of Europe's poorest countries to one of its richest in just 10 years, earning it the title Celtic Tiger. The spectacular story of growth and recovery is attributed, in large part, to foreign direct investment (FDI),...
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Keywords:
Developing Countries and Economies;
Economic Growth;
Macroeconomics;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Policy;
Business and Government Relations;
Republic of Ireland
Alfaro, Laura, Vinati Dev, and Stephen McIntyre. "Foreign Direct Investment and Ireland's Tiger Economy (A)." Harvard Business School Case 706-007, July 2005. (Revised March 2010.)
- July/September 2005
- Article
Le consensus de Paris: la France et les règles de la finance mondiale
By: Rawi Abdelal
This article is about the institutional foundations of the globalization of finance. These institutional foundations are both informal and formal. Until the 1980s the formal rules of the international financial architecture – most consequentially in the European Union...
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Abdelal, Rawi. "Le consensus de Paris: la France et les règles de la finance mondiale." Critique internationale, no. 28 (July/September 2005): 87–115.
- June 2005
- Teaching Note
Turkey: Securing Stability in a Rough Neighborhood (TN)
Teaching Note to (9-704-005). A rewritten version of an earlier note.
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- March 2005
- Teaching Note
Antitrust Regulations in a Global Setting: The EU Investigation of the GE/Honeywell Merger (TN)
By: Mihir A. Desai and Belen Villalonga
Teaching Note to (9-204-081).
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- February 2005 (Revised March 2008)
- Case
Shinhan Financial Group (A)
By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Ryan Raffaelli
Mr. Young Hwi Choi, president and CEO of Shinhan Financial Group, embarked on an unconventional post-merger integration strategy with recently acquired Chohung Bank. The strategy focused on integrating traditional operations while attending to employees' reactions to...
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Keywords:
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Change Management;
Employees;
Leading Change;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Emotions;
Integration;
South Korea
Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Ryan Raffaelli. "Shinhan Financial Group (A)." Harvard Business School Case 305-075, February 2005. (Revised March 2008.)
- 2005
- Chapter
Environmental Federalism in the European Union and the United States
By: David Vogel, Michael W. Toffel and Diahanna Post
The United States (US) and the European Union (EU) are federal systems in which the responsibility for environmental policy-making is divided or shared between the central government and the (member) states. The attribution of decision-making power has important policy...
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Keywords:
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Government Legislation;
Natural Environment;
Pollutants;
Climate Change;
European Union;
United States
Vogel, David, Michael W. Toffel, and Diahanna Post. "Environmental Federalism in the European Union and the United States." Chap. 9 in A Handbook of Globalisation and Environmental Policy: National Government Interventions in a Global Arena, edited by F. Wijen, K. Zoeteman, and J. Pieters, 247–276. Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2005.
- February 2005
- Article
European Integration and Corporate Restructuring: The Strategy of Unilever c1957-c1990
By: Geoffrey Jones and Peter Miskell
This article examines the role of the large Anglo-Dutch consumer products company in promoting European integration. It shows that Unilever contributed financially to campaigns to support the creation of the European Union, and its subsequent expansion, despite a...
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Keywords:
Horizontal Integration;
Organizations;
Policy;
Expansion;
Market Transactions;
Geographic Location;
Restructuring;
Competition;
Brands and Branding;
Production;
Capital Structure;
Value;
Consumer Products Industry;
European Union;
United States
Jones, Geoffrey, and Peter Miskell. "European Integration and Corporate Restructuring: The Strategy of Unilever c1957-c1990." Economic History Review 58, no. 1 (February 2005): 113–139.
- January 2005 (Revised February 2005)
- Case
Ray Rogers and the Corporate Campaign (A)
By: James K. Sebenius and Michael A. Wheeler
Sets the stage for analyzing the strategy of labor organizer Ray Rogers in bringing J.P. Stevens to the bargaining table when conventional union tactics failed. Though set in the specific context of labor-management relations, it illustrates much more fundamental...
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Keywords:
Strategy;
Negotiation Preparation;
Negotiation Tactics;
Labor Unions;
Labor and Management Relations;
Manufacturing Industry;
United States
Sebenius, James K., and Michael A. Wheeler. "Ray Rogers and the Corporate Campaign (A)." Harvard Business School Case 905-054, January 2005. (Revised February 2005.)